"regarding man as the central fact of creation," 1855, from anthropo- + -centric. Related: Anthropocentrically. ETD anthropocentric (adj.).2
"of or pertaining to anthropogeny," 1847, from anthropogeny + -ic. ETD anthropogenic (adj.).2
"origination of the human race," 1833, from anthropo- + -geny. Related: Anthropogenesis "origination or evolution of man" (1862; from 1855 in German and French); anthropogony "doctrine of man's origin" (1847). ETD anthropogeny (n.).2
"manlike," especially, in zoology, "human or simian, of humans and monkeys" (as opposed to lemurs and other lower primates), 1835, from Greek anthrōpoeidōs "like a man, resembling a man; in human form;" see anthropo- + -oid. As a noun, from 1832 (the Greek noun in this sense was anthrōparion). Related: Anthropoidal. ETD anthropoid (adj.).2
"worship of a human being," 1650s, from Greek anthrōpos "man, human" (see anthropo-) + latreia "hired labor, service, worship" (see -latry). The accusation was made by pagans against Christians and by Christians against pagans. The word also figured in Church disputes about the nature of Christ. ETD anthropolatry (n.).2
"science of the natural history of man," 1590s, originally especially of the relation between physiology and psychology, from Modern Latin anthropologia or coined independently in English from anthropo- + -logy. In Aristotle, anthrōpologos is used literally, as "speaking of man." Related: Anthropologic; anthropological. ETD anthropology (n.).2
"pertaining to or relating to anthropology," 1786, from anthropology + -ical. Related: Anthropologically. ETD anthropological (adj.).2
"student or expert in anthropology," 1798, from anthropology + -ist. Attested from 1783 in German. ETD anthropologist (n.).2
"pertaining to the measurements of the human body," 1871, based on French anthropométrique, from anthropometry "measurement of the human body" + -ic. ETD anthropometric (adj.).2
"science of the measurement and dimensions of the parts of the human body," 1839, from anthropo- + -metry "a measuring of." Perhaps modeled on French anthropometrie (by 1806). ETD anthropometry (n.).2
1806, "involving the attribution of human qualities to divine beings," from anthropomorphous + -ic. Originally in reference to regarding God or gods as having human form and human characteristics; of animals, plants, nature, etc. by 1858. Related: Anthropomorphical. ETD anthropomorphic (adj.).2
1753, "the ascription of human qualities to a deity," from anthropomorphous + -ism. In reference to other non-human things, from 1858. Related: Anthropomorphist (1610s). ETD anthropomorphism (n.).2
"to invest with human qualities," 1834; see anthropomorphous + -ize. Related: Anthropomorphized; anthopomorphizing. ETD anthropomorphize (v.).2
"having human form; anthropoid in form" (of apes, etc.), 1753, Englishing of Late Latin anthropomorphus "having human form," from Greek anthrōpomorphos "of human form," from anthrōpos "human being" (see anthropo-) + morphē "form," a word of uncertain etymology. Related: Anthropomorphously. ETD anthropomorphous (adj.).2
mid-15c., Antropomorfites (plural), "one who believes as an article of faith that the Supreme Being exists in human form," from Late Latin anthropomorphitae (plural); see anthropomorphous + -ite (1). Specifically of certain sects of Christians that arose over the years and were condemned as heretics. ETD anthropomorphite (n.).2
Related: Anthropomorphitism (1660s); anthropomorphitic. Technically, the anthropomorphite attributes a human body to God, the anthropomorphist attributes to Him human passions. ETD anthropomorphite (n.).3
"ascription of human feelings to divine beings," 1640s, from Greek anthrōpopatheia "humanity," literally "human feeling," from anthrōpos "man, human" (see anthropo-) + -patheia, combining form of pathos "suffering, disease, feeling" (from PIE root *kwent(h)- "to suffer"). Related: Anthropopathic; anthropopathite; anthropopathically. ETD anthropopathy (n.).2
"cannibalistic, man-eating," 1807, from Greek anthrōpophagos "man-eating," from anthrōpos "man, human" (see anthropo-) + phagos "eating" (from PIE root *bhag- "to share out, apportion; to get a share"). Related: Anthropophagite (c. 1600). ETD anthropophagous (adj.).2
"cannibalism," 1630s, from French anthropophagie, from Greek anthrōpophagia "an eating of men," from anthrōpophagos "man-eating; a man-eater," from anthropo- + stem of phagein "to eat" (from PIE root *bhag- "to share out, apportion; to get a share"). Related: Anthropophagic; anthropophagistic; anthropophagism. Shakespeare has Anthropophaginian. ETD anthropophagy (n.).2
"fear of man," 1841 (from 1798 in German); see anthropo- + -phobia. ETD anthropophobia (n.).2
the word-forming element anti- (q.v.) used by itself, short for various nouns beginning in anti-, from 1788, originally in reference to the anti-federalists in U.S. politics (in the 1830s, especially of the U.S. Anti-Masonic political party); as an adjective, from 1857. ETD anti (n.).2
word-forming element of Greek origin meaning "against, opposed to, opposite of, instead," shortened to ant- before vowels and -h-, from Old French anti- and directly from Latin anti-, from Greek anti (prep.) "over, against, opposite; instead, in the place of; as good as; at the price of; for the sake of; compared with; in opposition to; in return; counter-," from PIE *anti "against," also "in front of, before" (from root *ant- "front, forehead," with derivatives meaning "in front of, before"), which became anti- in Italian (hence antipasto) and French. ETD anti-.2
It is cognate with Sanskrit anti "over, against," and Old English and- (the first element in answer). A common compounding element in Greek, in some combinations it became anth- for euphonic reasons. It appears in some words in Middle English but was not commonly used in English word formations until modern times. In a few English words (anticipate, antique) it represents Latin ante. ETD anti-.3
In noun compounds where it has the sense of "opposed to, opposite" (Antichrist, anti-communist) the accent remains on the anti-; in adjectives where it retains its old prepositional sense "against, opposed to," the accent remains on the other element (anti-Christian, anti-slavery). ETD anti-.4
also antiaircraft, "used to attack enemy aircraft," 1914, from anti- + aircraft. ETD anti-aircraft (adj.).2
also antiamerican, "opposed to the United States of America or its people or interests," 1773, in reference to British parliamentary policies, from anti- + American. As a noun by 1788. Related: Anti-Americanism "opposition to what is distinctly American" (1844). ETD Anti-American (adj.).2
also antibacterial, 1875, from anti- + bacterial. Originally "opposed to the theory that certain diseases are caused by bacteria;" later as "destructive to bacteria" (by 1897). ETD anti-bacterial (adj.).2
"destructive to micro-organisms," 1894, from French antibiotique (c. 1889), from anti- "against" (see anti-) + biotique "of (microbial) life," from Late Latin bioticus "of life" (see biotic). As a noun, attested 1941 in works of U.S. microbiologist Selman Waksman (1888-1973), discoverer of streptomycin. Earlier the adjective was used in a sense "not from living organisms" in debates over the origins of certain fossils (1860). ETD antibiotic (adj.).2
"substance developed in blood as an antitoxin," 1901, a hybrid formed from anti- "against" + body. Probably a translation of German Antikörper, condensed from a phrase such as anti-toxischer Körper "anti-toxic body" (1891). ETD antibody (n.).2
"ludicrous behavior," 1520s; see antic. ETD antics (n.).2
1520s, antick, antyke, later antique (with accent on the first syllable), "grotesque or comical gesture," from Italian antico "antique," from Latin antiquus "old, ancient; old-fashioned" (see antique (adj.)). In art, "fantastical figures, incongruously combined" (1540s). ETD antic (n.).2
Originally (like grotesque) a 16c. Italian word referring to the strange and fantastic representations on ancient murals unearthed around Rome (especially the Baths of Titus, rediscovered 16c.); later extended to "any bizarre thing or behavior," in which sense it first arrived in English. As an adjective in English from 1580s, "grotesque, bizarre." In 17c. the spelling antique was restricted to the original sense of that word. ETD antic (n.).3
also antichoice, by 1978, American English, in reference to opposition to legalized abortion; from anti- + choice (n.). Compare pro-life. ETD anti-choice (adj.).2
mid-14c., earlier antecrist (late Old English) "an opponent of Christ, an opponent of the Church," especially the last and greatest persecutor of the faith at the end of the world, from Late Latin antichristus, from Greek antikhristos (I John ii.18), from anti- "against" (see anti-) + khristos (see Christ). The earliest appearance of anti- in English and one of the few before c. 1600. ETD antichrist (n.).2
1530s, "pertaining to the Antichrist," from antichrist + -ian; 1580s as "hostile or opposed to Christianity or Christians" (also anti-Christian); see anti- + Christian (adj.). Related: Antichristianity. ETD antichristian (adj.).2
c. 1600, antichthones (plural), from Latin antichthontes, from Greek antikhthōntēs "people of the opposite hemisphere," from anti "opposite" (see anti-) + khthōn "land, earth, soil" (from PIE root *dhghem- "earth"). In Pythagorean philosophy, an imagined invisible double of earth. ETD antichthon (n.).2
1530s, "to cause to happen sooner," a back-formation from anticipation, or else from Latin anticipatus, past participle of anticipare "take (care of) ahead of time," literally "taking into possession beforehand," from anti, an old form of ante "before" (from PIE root *ant- "front, forehead," with derivatives meaning "in front of, before") + capere "to take" (from PIE root *kap- "to grasp"). ETD anticipate (v.).2
Later "prevent or preclude by prior action" (c. 1600) and "be aware of (something) coming at a future time" (1640s). Used in the sense of "expect, look forward to" since 1749, but anticipate has an element of "prepare for, forestall" that, etymologically, should prevent its being used as a synonym for expect. Related: Anticipated; anticipating. ETD anticipate (v.).3
late 14c., "foreshadowing," from Latin anticipationem (nominative anticipatio) "preconception, preconceived notion," noun of action from past-participle stem of anticipare "take (care of) ahead of time," literally "taking into possession beforehand," from anti, an old form of ante "before" (from PIE root *ant- "front, forehead," with derivatives meaning "in front of, before") + capere "to take" (from PIE root *kap- "to grasp"). The meaning "act of being before another in doing something" is from 1550s. The meaning "action of looking forward to" is from 1809. ETD anticipation (n.).2
"involving anticipation," 1660s, from anticipate + -ory. ETD anticipatory (adj.).2
also anti-climactic, "of the nature of an anticlimax," 1831; see anticlimax + -ic. ETD anticlimactic (adj.).2
"the addition of a particular which suddenly lowers the effect," especially, in style, "an abrupt descent from a stronger to a weaker expression or from greater to lesser things," 1701, from anti- + climax (n.). ETD anticlimax (n.).2
1861, earlier anticlinal (1849, shortened from anticlinal fold), in geology, "sedimentary rocks inclined in opposite directions from a central axis," from anti- "against" + Latinized form of Greek klinein "to lean, slope" (from PIE root *klei- "to lean"). The form has been assimilated to incline. ETD anticline (n.).2
"that prevents or retards coagulation," 1886, from anti- + coagulant. As a noun by 1896. ETD anticoagulant (adj.).2
1919, from anti- + communist. ETD anti-communist (adj.).2
"outward rotary flow of air from an area of atmospheric high pressure," 1863, coined by Francis Galton, English polymath, explorer, and meteorologist, from anti- + cyclone. Related: Anticyclonic. ETD anticyclone (n.).2
"chemical used to treat symptoms of depression," 1876, from anti- + depressant. ETD antidepressant (n.).2
"opposition to disestablishment of the Church of England," 1838, said by Weekley to be first recorded in Gladstone's "Church and State." The establishment is "the ecclesiastical system established by law" (1731), specifically "the Church of England" (1731). Hence establishmentarianism "the principle of a state church" (1846) and disestablishment "act of withdrawing (a church) from a privileged relation to the state" (1747; see disestablish), which are married in this word. Rarely used at all now except in examples of the longest words, among which it has been counted at least since 1901. ETD antidisestablishmentarianism (n.).2
"remedy counteracting poison," early 15c. (c. 1400 as antidotum), from Old French antidot and directly from Latin antidotum/antidotus "a remedy against poison," from Greek antidoton (pharmakon) "(drug) given as a remedy," from antidoton literally "given against," verbal adjective of antididonai "give for" (also "give in return, give instead of") from anti "against" (see anti-) + didonai "to give" (from PIE root *do- "to give"). Compare Middle English antidotarie "treatise on drugs or medicines" (c. 1400). ETD antidote (n.).2
"resembling or of the nature of an antidote," 1640s, from antidote + -al (1). Related: Antidotally. ETD antidotal (adj.).2
place name, eastern U.S., from an Algonquian word perhaps meaning "swift water;" the name occurs in Pennsylvania and Ohio, but the best-known Antietam is the creek near Sharpsburg in Washington County, Maryland; site of a bloody American Civil War battle fought Sept. 17, 1862. ETD Antietam.2
1923, in names of organizations of Italian workers in the U.S., from anti- + fascist. ETD anti-fascist (adj.).2
also anti-febrile, 1660s, "having the property of abating fever," from anti- + febrile. As a noun, "substance which abates fever," 1859. ETD antifebrile (n.).2
1900 as "opposed to women, misogynistic," from anti- + feminism in the "quality of being female" sense; perhaps based on French anti-féministes (1897). By 1970 as "opposed to feminism" in the political sense. ETD anti-feminist (adj.).2
also antifreeze, "liquid added to water to lower its freezing point," typically used in the radiator of an automobile engine, 1935, shortening of anti-freeze solution (1913); see anti- + freeze (v.). ETD anti-freeze (n.).2
"substance that causes production of an antibody," 1908, from German Antigen, from French antigène (1899), from anti(body) (see antibody) + -gen. ETD antigen (n.).2
daughter of Oedipus, her name in Greek might mean "in place of a mother," from anti "opposite, in place of" (see anti-) + gonē "womb, childbirth, generation," from root of gignesthai "to be born" related to genos "race, birth, descent" (from PIE root *gene- "give birth, beget," with derivatives referring to procreation and familial and tribal groups). ETD Antigone.2
Caribbean island, from Spanish fem. of antiguo, literally "ancient, antique" (see antique); discovered by Columbus in 1493 and named by him for the church of Santa Maria la Antigua ("Old St. Mary's") in Seville. Related: Antiguan. ETD Antigua.2
also antihero; 1714, "opposite of a hero, a villain," from anti- + hero. Sense of "a literary hero who lacks the usual qualities associated with a literary hero" is by 1859. ETD anti-hero (n.).2
1933, from anti- + histamine. From 1957 as a noun. ETD antihistamine (adj.).2
"opposed to imperialism," 1898, American English, in debates about the Spanish-American War, from anti- + imperialist. It was the title of a weekly anti-war publication begun in 1899. Related: Anti-imperialism. ETD anti-imperialist (adj.).2
"scorning intellectuals and their ways," 1821, from anti- + intellectual. As a noun meaning "an anti-intellectual person" from 1913. ETD anti-intellectual (adj.).2
1904, from anti- + intellectualism; in some cases from anti-intellectual + -ism. ETD anti-intellectualism (n.).2
also antimacassar, 1848, from anti- + macassar oil, supposedly imported from the district of Macassar on the Indonesian island of Sulawesi, which was commercially advertised from 1809 as a men's hair tonic "infallible in promoting an abundant growth and in maintaining the early hue and lustre of the HAIR to the extent of human life" [1830]. The cloth was laid to protect chair and sofa fabric from men leaning their oily heads back against it. ETD anti-macassar (n.).2
by 1928 in reference to a U.S. third political party formed late 1820s in opposition to elites and for a decade or so thereafter powerful in the mid-Atlantic states, from anti- + Mason, in reference to the secret society of Free and Accepted Masons. Related: Anti-Masonic. ETD Anti-Mason (n.).2
also anti-matter, type of matter not existing in a stable form in this universe, 1898, from anti- "opposite" + matter (n.). ETD antimatter (n.).2
"rhetorical figure in which the same words are repeated in reverse order," 1590s, from Greek antimetabolē, from anti "opposite" (see anti-) + metabolē "turning about" (see metabolism). ETD antimetabole (n.).2
"one opposed to militarism," 1894, from anti- + militarist in the political sense. Related: Anti-militaristic. ETD anti-militarist (n.).2
"injurious to the memory," 1817, from anti- "against, opposite" + mnemonic "aiding the memory." ETD antimnemonic (adj.).2
early 15c., "black antimony, antimony sulfide" (a powder used medicinally and in alchemy), from Old French antimoine and directly from Medieval Latin antimonium (11c.), a word of obscure origin. ETD antimony (n.).2
Probably it is a Latinization of later Greek stimmi "powdered antimony, black antimony" (a cosmetic used to paint the eyelids), from an Arabic source (such as al 'othmud), unless the Arabic word is from the Greek and the Latin is from Arabic (which would explain the a- as the Arabic direct article al-). Probably it is ultimately from Egyptian stm "powdered antimony;" the substance was used there as a cosmetic from at least 3000 B.C.E. ETD antimony (n.).3
In French, by folk etymology, it became anti-moine "monk's bane." As the name of a brittle metallic element in a pure form, it is attested in English from 1788. Its chemical symbol Sb is for Stibium, the Latin name for "black antimony," which word also was used in English for black antimony. Related: Antimonial; antimoniac. ETD antimony (n.).4
also antinode, 1872, "point of a vibrating string where the amplitude is greatest," from anti- + node. Later applied to other wave systems; at the anti-node the two waves cancel each other out. ETD anti-node (n.).2
1590s, "contradiction in the laws," from Latin antinomia, from Greek antinomia "ambiguity in the law," from anti "against" (see anti-) + nomos "law" (from PIE root *nem- "assign, allot; take"). From 1802 in the philosophical sense used by Kant, "contradiction between logical conclusions." Related: Antinomic. ETD antinomy (n.).2
"the tenets of the antinomians," 1640s, from antinomian + -ism. ETD antinomianism (n.).2
"one who maintains that, by the dispensation of grace, the moral law is not binding on Christians," 1640s, from Medieval Latin Antinomi, name given to a sect of this sort that arose in Germany in 1535, from Greek anti "opposite, against" (see anti-) + nomos "rule, law" (from PIE root *nem- "assign, allot; take"). As an adjective from 1640s. ETD antinomian (n.).2
ancient city, modern Antakya in Turkey, anciently the capital of Syria, founded c. 300 B.C.E. by Seleucus I Nictor and named for his father, Antiochus. The name, also borne by several Syrian kings and an eclectic philosopher, is a Latinized form of Greek Antiokhos, literally "resistant, holding out against," from anti "against" (see anti-) + ekhein "to have, hold;" in intransitive use, "be in a given state or condition" (from PIE root *segh- "to hold"). Related: Antiochian. ETD Antioch.2
"substance that inhibits oxidization," 1920, from anti- + oxidant. From 1932 as an adjective. ETD antioxidant (n.).2
"small portions served from a shared platter as the traditional first course of a formal Italian meal," 1929, from Italian antipasto, from anti- "before" (from Latin ante; see ante-) + pasto "food," from Latin pascere "to feed," from PIE root *pa- "to feed." Earlier Englished as antepast "something taken before a meal to whet the appetite" (1580s). ETD antipasto (n.).2
"opposite, unlike, averse," 1811, in a translation of Swedenborg; see antipathy + -ic. Perhaps modeled on French antipathique. In later use it tends to be a medical word for "producing contrary symptoms," in place of antipathetic. ETD antipathic (adj.).2
"having an antipathy," 1630s, an adjectival construction from antipathy. Related: antipathetical (c. 1600); antipathetically. ETD antipathetic (adj.).2
c. 1600, "natural aversion, hostile feeling toward," from Latin antipathia, from Greek antipatheia, abstract noun from antipathēs "opposed in feeling, having opposite feeling; in return for suffering;" also "felt mutually," from anti "opposite, against" (see anti-) + pathein "to suffer, feel" (from PIE root *kwent(h)- "to suffer"). ETD antipathy (n.).2
also antiperspirant, 1935, in advertisements for Nonspi ("The Safe Anti-Perspirant for Fastidious Women"), from anti- + perspire, probably modeled on older deodorant. Technically an application preventing or restricting the flow of perspiration, as opposed to a deodorant, which deodorizes only and in no way affects secretion. ETD anti-perspirant (adj.).2
c. 1500, "a versicle sung responsively," from French antiphone "hymn" or directly from Medieval Latin antiphona, from Greek antiphōna (neuter plural), from antiphōnos "responsive, sounding in answer," from anti "in return" (see anti-) + phōnē "voice" (from PIE root *bha- (2) "to speak, tell, say"). ETD antiphon (n.).2
A reborrowing of the word which had become anthem in English (in Old English antefn, antifon) and lost its original meaning. ETD antiphon (n.).3
"marked by responsive singing," 1719, from antiphon + -al. Related: Antiphonally. ETD antiphonal (adj.).2
"alternate or responsive singing," 1590s, from antiphon + -y (1). ETD antiphony (n.).2
in rhetoric, "the use of a word in a sense opposite to its proper meaning; ironic use of a word in sarcasm or humor," 1530s, from Latin antiphrasis, from Greek antiphrasis, from antiphrazein "to express (something) by the opposite," from anti "against, opposite, instead of" (see anti-) + phrazein "to tell, declare, point out, express" (see phrase (n.)). Related: Antiphrastic. ETD antiphrasis (n.).2
"situated on the opposite side of the globe," 1640s; see antipodes + -al (1). Also antipodean, attested from 1630s as a noun; 1650s as an adjective. ETD antipodal (adj.).2
late 14c., "persons who dwell on the opposite side of the globe;" from 1540s as "country or region on the opposite side of the earth," from Latin antipodes "those who dwell on the opposite side of the earth," from Greek antipodēs, plural of antipous "with feet opposite (ours)," from anti "opposite" (see anti-) + pous "foot" (from PIE root *ped- "foot"). ETD antipodes (n.).2
Belief in them could be counted as a heresy in medieval Europe, when the orthodox supposition was that the whole of the earth was a flat surface. Not to be confused with antiscii "those who live on the same meridian on opposite side of the equator," whose shadows fall at noon in the opposite direction, from Greek anti- + skia "shadow." Also see antoecian. Related: Antipodist. ETD antipodes (n.).3
also anti-pope, early 15c. (mid-13c. in Anglo-Latin), from Medieval Latin antipapa, from Greek anti "against, opposite, instead of" (see anti-) + papa (see pope). There have been about 30 of them, the last was Felix V, elected at Basel in 1439. ETD antipope (n.).2
"that which reduces fever," 1680s, from anti- + Greek pyretos "fever, burning heat," related to pyr "fire" (from PIE root *paewr- "fire") + -ic. As an adjective, "reducing fever," 1837. ETD antipyretic (n.).2
"to give an antique appearance to," 1753 (implied in antiqued, in bookbinding, "finished in an antique style"), from antique (adj.). Related: Antiquing. ETD antique (v.).2
late 14c., "olden times," from Old French antiquitet (11c.; Modern French antiquité) "olden times; great age; old age," from Latin antiquitatem (nominative antiquitas) "ancient times, antiquity, venerableness," noun of quality from stem of antiquus "ancient, of olden times; long in existence" (see antique (adj.)). The specific reference to ancient Greece and Rome is from mid-15c.; the meaning "quality of being old" is from about the same time. Antiquities "relics of ancient days" is from 1510s. ETD antiquity (n.).2
1640s, "action of making or becoming antiquated;" 1650s, "state of being antiquated," from Late Latin antiquationem (nominative antiquatio), noun of action from past-participle stem of antiquare "restore to its ancient condition," in Late Latin "make old," from antiquus "ancient, of olden times; aged, venerable; old-fashioned" (see antique (adj.)). ETD antiquation (n.).2
1530s, "aged, venerable;" 1540s, "having existed in ancient times," from French antique "old" (14c.), from Latin antiquus (later anticus) "ancient, former, of olden times; old, long in existence, aged; venerable; old-fashioned," from PIE *anti- "before" (from root *ant- "front, forehead," with derivatives meaning "in front of, before") + *okw- "to see." ETD antique (adj.).2
Originally pronounced in English like its doublet antic, but French pronunciation and spelling were adopted in English from c. 1700. The meaning "not modern" is from 1640s. Related: Antiqueness. ETD antique (adj.).3
1620s, past-participle adjective from verb antiquate "make old or obsolete" (1590s), from Latin antiquatus, past participle of antiquare "restore to its ancient condition," in Late Latin "make old," from antiquus "ancient, of olden times; aged, venerable; old-fashioned" (see antique (adj.)). An older adjective in the same sense was antiquate (early 15c.), from Latin. Related: Antiquatedness. ETD antiquated (adj.).2
1520s, "a relic of antiquity," from antique (adj.). From 1771 as "an old and collectible thing." ETD antique (n.).2
"make old or obsolete," 1590s, from Latin antiquatus, past participle of antiquare "restore to its ancient condition," in Late Latin "make old," from antiquus "ancient, of olden times; aged, venerable; old-fashioned" (see antique (adj.)). Related: Antiquated; antiquating. ETD antiquate (v.).2
1580s, "one versed in knowledge of ancient things," from Latin antiquarius "pertaining to antiquity," in Medieval Latin "a copier of old books," from antiquus "ancient, aged, venerable" (see antique (adj.)). In later use especially "dealer in old books, coins, objects of art, etc." ETD antiquary (n.).2
"one who studies or is fond of antiquities, one versed in knowledge of ancient things," c. 1600, with -an + Latin antiquarius "pertaining to antiquity," from antiquus "ancient, aged, venerable" (see antique (adj.)). In later use more specifically "collector of antiquities; dealer in old books, coins, objects of art, etc." As an adjective, "pertaining to antiquaries," from 1771. Compare antiquary. ETD antiquarian (n.).2
also antiscorbutic, "preparation that counteracts scurvy," 1690s, from anti- "against" + medical Latin scorbutus "scurvy" (see scorbutic). From 1725 as an adjective. ETD anti-scorbutic (n.).2
"of or pertaining to anti-Semites," 1881, see anti-Semitism. ETD anti-Semitic (adj.).2
also antisemitism, 1881, from German Antisemitismus, first used by Wilhelm Marr (1819-1904) German radical, nationalist and race-agitator, who founded the Antisemiten-Liga in 1879; see anti- + Semite. ETD anti-Semitism (n.).2
Not etymologically restricted to anti-Jewish theories, actions, or policies, but almost always used in this sense. Those who object to the inaccuracy of the term might try Hermann Adler's Judaeophobia (1881). Anti-Semitic (also antisemitic) and anti-Semite (also antisemite) also are from 1881, like anti-Semitism they appear first in English in an article in The Athenaeum of Sept. 31, in reference to German literature. Jew-hatred is attested from 1881. As an adjective, anti-Jewish is from 1817. ETD anti-Semitism (n.).3
1881, see anti-Semitism. ETD anti-Semite (n.).2
"exclusion of micro-organisms which produce disease, etc., from places where they may thrive," 1875; see anti- "against" + sepsis "putrefaction." ETD antisepsis (n.).2
also anti-septic, "inimical to micro-organisms which cause disease, putrefaction, etc.," 1750, from anti- "against" + septic "pertaining to putrefaction." Figurative use is by 1820. As a noun meaning "an antiseptic substance," by 1803. ETD antiseptic (adj.).2
also anti-social, "unsocial, averse to social intercourse," 1797, from anti- + social (adj.). The meaning "hostile to social order or norms" is from 1802. Other, older words in the "disinclined to or unsuited for society" sense include dissocial (1762), dissociable (c. 1600). ETD antisocial (adj.).2
also antisocialist, 1841, "opposed to socialism;" see anti- + socialist. ETD anti-socialist (adj.).2