AFFINITY — AFTER-COST

AFFINITY — AFTER-COST NWAD AFFINITY.1

AFFINITY, n. [L. affinitas, from affinis, adjacent, related by marriage; ad and finis, end.] NWAD AFFINITY.1

1. The relation contracted by marriage, between a husband and his wife’s kindred, and between a wife and her husband’s kindred; in contradistinction from consanguinity or relation by blood. NWAD AFFINITY.2

Solomon made affinity with Pharaoh. 1 Kings 3:1. NWAD AFFINITY.3

2. Agreement; relation; conformity; resemblance; connection; as, the affinity of sounds, of colors, or of languages. NWAD AFFINITY.4

3. In chimistry, attraction; elective attraction, or that tendency which different species of matter have to unite, and combine with certain other bodies, and the power that disposes them to continue in combination There are two kinds of affinity. NWAD AFFINITY.5

1. Affinity of aggregation, which is the power that causes two homogeneous bodies to tend towards each other, unite and cohere, as two drops of water, which unite in one. NWAD AFFINITY.6

2. Affinity of composition, which is the tendency of bodies of different kinds to unite and form new combinations of bodies with different properties. Such is the affinity which unites acids and alkalies, the results of which combination are neutral salts. NWAD AFFINITY.7

The operations of this principle are various. When heterogeneous bodies have mutually an equal attraction, it is called compound affinity. When one substance decomposes a combination of others, unites with one of them and precipitates the other, the power is called the affinity of decomposition. When bodies will not unite, but by means of a third, which enables them to combine, this is affinity by means of a medium. NWAD AFFINITY.8

Double affinity is when by means of four bodies, two decompositions and two new combinations are effected. NWAD AFFINITY.9

AFFIRM, v.t. afferm’ [L. affirmo; ad and firmo, to make firm. See Firm.] NWAD AFFIRM.1

1. To assert positively; to tell with confidence; to aver; to declare the existence of something; to maintain as true; opposed to deny. NWAD AFFIRM.2

Of one Jesus whom Paul affirmed to be alive. Acts 25:19. NWAD AFFIRM.3

2. To make firm; to establish, confirm or ratify; as, the Supreme court affirmed the judgment. NWAD AFFIRM.4

AFFIRM, v.i. To declare solemnly before a court or magistrate, for confirming a fact, or to have an affirmation administered to, by way of confirmation, or as a substitute for an oath; as, the witness affirmed to the fact, or he was affirmed to the fact. NWAD AFFIRM.5

AFFIRMABLE, a. That may be asserted or declared; followed by of; as, an attribute affirmable of every just man. NWAD AFFIRMABLE.1

AFFIRMANCE, n. NWAD AFFIRMANCE.1

1. Confirmation; ratification; as, the affirmance of a judgment; a statute in affirmance of common law. NWAD AFFIRMANCE.2

2. Declaration; affirmation. [Little used.] NWAD AFFIRMANCE.3

AFFIRMANT, n. One who affirms. NWAD AFFIRMANT.1

AFFIRMATION, n. NWAD AFFIRMATION.1

1. The act of affirming or asserting as true; opposed to negation or denial. NWAD AFFIRMATION.2

2. That which is asserted; position declared as true; averment. NWAD AFFIRMATION.3

3. Confirmation; ratification; an establishing of what had been before done or decreed. NWAD AFFIRMATION.4

4. A solemn declaration made under the penalties of perjury, by persons who conscientiously decline taking an oath; which affirmation is in law equivalent to testimony given under oath. NWAD AFFIRMATION.5

AFFIRMATIVE, a. NWAD AFFIRMATIVE.1

1. That affirms, or asserts; declaratory of what exists; opposed to negative; as, an affirmative proposition. NWAD AFFIRMATIVE.2

2. Confirmative; ratifying; as, an act affirmative of common law. NWAD AFFIRMATIVE.3

3. In algebra, positive; a term applied to numbers which have the sign + plus, denoting addition, and opposed to negative, or such as have the sign - minus, denoting subtraction. NWAD AFFIRMATIVE.4

4. Positive; dogmatic. Obs. NWAD AFFIRMATIVE.5

AFFIRMATIVE, n. That side of a question which affirms or maintains; opposed to negative; as, there were seventy votes in the affirmative, and thirty-five in the negative. NWAD AFFIRMATIVE.6

AFFIRMATIVELY, adv. In an affirmative manner; positively; on the affirmative side of a question; opposed to negatively. NWAD AFFIRMATIVELY.1

AFFIRMED, pp. Declared; asserted; averred; confirmed; ratified. NWAD AFFIRMED.1

AFFIRMER, n. One who affirms. NWAD AFFIRMER.1

AFFIRMING, ppr. Asserting; declaring positively; confirming. NWAD AFFIRMING.1

AFFIX, v.t. [L. affigo, affixum, of ad and figo, to fix. Eng. peg. See Fix.] NWAD AFFIX.1

1. To unite at the end; to subjoin, annex, or add at the close; as, to affix a syllable to a word; to affix a seal to an instrument. NWAD AFFIX.2

2. To attach, unite, or connect with, as names affixed to ideas, or ideas affixed to things. NWAD AFFIX.3

3. To fix or fasten in any manner. In this sense, fix is more generally used. NWAD AFFIX.4

AFFIX, n. A syllable or letter added to the end of a word. NWAD AFFIX.5

AFFIXED, pp. United at the end; annexed; attached. NWAD AFFIXED.1

AFFIXING, ppr. Uniting at the end; subjoining; attaching. NWAD AFFIXING.1

AFFIXION, n. The act of uniting at the end, or state of being so united. [Little used.] NWAD AFFIXION.1

AFFIXTURE, n. That which is affixed. NWAD AFFIXTURE.1

AFFLATION, n. [L. affle, afflatum, of ad and flo; Eng. blow. See Blow.] NWAD AFFLATION.1

A blowing or breathing on. NWAD AFFLATION.2

AFFLATUS, n. [L.] NWAD AFFLATUS.1

1. A breath or blast of wind. NWAD AFFLATUS.2

2. Inspiration; communication of divine knowledge, or the power of prophesy. NWAD AFFLATUS.3

AFFLICT, v.t. [L. affligo, afflicto, of ad and figo, to strike; eng. flog; Gr. to strike;, L. plaga, a stroke. Hence, eng. flail, g being suppressed; L. flagellum. See Flog.] NWAD AFFLICT.1

1. To give to the body or mind pain which is continued or of some permanence; to grieve, or distress; as, one is afflicted with the gout, or with melancholy, or with losses and misfortunes. NWAD AFFLICT.2

They afflict thy heritage, O Lord. Psalm 94:5. NWAD AFFLICT.3

2. To trouble; to harass; to distress. NWAD AFFLICT.4

AFFLICTED, pp. Affected with continued or often repeated pain, either of body or mind; suffering grief or distress, of any kind; followed by at, by or with; as, afflicted at the loss of a child, by the rheumatism, or with losses. NWAD AFFLICTED.1

AFFLICTEDNESS, n. The state of being afflicted; but superseded by affliction. NWAD AFFLICTEDNESS.1

AFFLICTER, n. One who afflicts, or causes pain of body or of mind. NWAD AFFLICTER.1

AFFLICTING, ppr. Causing continued or durable pain of body or mind; grieving; distressing. NWAD AFFLICTING.1

AFFLICTING, a. Grievous; distressing; as, an afflicting event. NWAD AFFLICTING.2

AFFLICTION, n. NWAD AFFLICTION.1

1. The state of being afflicted; a state of pain, distress, or grief. NWAD AFFLICTION.2

Some virtues are seen only in affliction. NWAD AFFLICTION.3

2. The cause of continued pain of body or mind, as sickness, losses, calamity, adversity, persecution. NWAD AFFLICTION.4

Many are the afflictions of the righteous. Psalm 34:19. NWAD AFFLICTION.5

AFFLICTIVE, a. Giving pain; causing continued or repeated pain or grief; painful; distressing. NWAD AFFLICTIVE.1

AFFLICTIVELY, adv. In a manner to give pain or grief. NWAD AFFLICTIVELY.1

AFFLUENCE, n. [L. affluentia, of ad and fluo, to flow. See Flow.] NWAD AFFLUENCE.1

1. Literally, a flowing to, or concourse. In this sense it is rarely used. It is sometimes written affluency. NWAD AFFLUENCE.2

2. Figuratively, abundance of riches; great plenty of worldly goods; wealth. NWAD AFFLUENCE.3

AFFLUENT, a. Flowing to; more generally, wealthy; abounding in goods or riches; abundant. NWAD AFFLUENT.1

AFFLUENTLY, adv. In abundance; abundantly. NWAD AFFLUENTLY.1

AFFLUX, n. [L. affluxum, from affluo. See Flow.] NWAD AFFLUX.1

The act of flowing to; a flowing to, or that which flows to; as, an afflux of blood to the head. NWAD AFFLUX.2

AFFLUXION, n. The act of flowing to; that which flows to. [See Afflux.] NWAD AFFLUXION.1

AFFORAGE, n. [ad and force.] NWAD AFFORAGE.1

In France, a duty paid to the lord of a district, for permission to sell wine or other liquors, within his seignory. NWAD AFFORAGE.2

AFFORCEMENT, n. [ad and force.] NWAD AFFORCEMENT.1

In old charters, a fortress; a fortification for defense. Obs. NWAD AFFORCEMENT.2

AFFORD, v.t. [ad and the root of forth, further. The sense is to send forth. But I have not found this precise word in the exact sense of the English, in any other language.] NWAD AFFORD.1

1. To yield or produce as fruit, profit, issues, or result. Thus, the earth affords grain; a well affords water; trade affords profit; distilled liquors afford spirit. NWAD AFFORD.2

2. To yield, grant or confer; as, a good life affords consolation in old age. NWAD AFFORD.3

3. To be able to grant or sell with profit or without loss; as, A can afford wine at a less price than B. NWAD AFFORD.4

4. To be able to expend without injury to one’s estate; as, a man can afford a sum yearly in charity; or be able to bear expenses, or the price of the thing purchased; as, one man can afford to buy a farm, which another cannot. NWAD AFFORD.5

5. To be able without loss or with profit. NWAD AFFORD.6

The merchant can afford to trade for smaller profits. NWAD AFFORD.7

AFFORDED, pp. Yielded as fruit, produce or result; sold without loss or with profit. NWAD AFFORDED.1

AFFORDING, ppr. Yielding; producing; selling without loss; bearing expenses. NWAD AFFORDING.1

AFFOREST, v.t. [ad and forest.] NWAD AFFOREST.1

To convert ground into forest, as was done by the first Norman kings in England, for the purpose of affording them the pleasures of the chase. NWAD AFFOREST.2

AFFORESTATION, n. The act of turning ground into forest or wood land. NWAD AFFORESTATION.1

AFFORESTED, pp. Converted into forest. NWAD AFFORESTED.1

AFFORESTING, ppr. Converting into forest. NWAD AFFORESTING.1

AFFRANCHISEMENT, n. [See Franchise and disfranchise.] NWAD AFFRANCHISEMENT.1

The act of making free, or liberating from dependence or servitude. [Little used.] NWAD AFFRANCHISEMENT.2

AFFRAP, v.t. [Eng. rap.] To strike. Obs. NWAD AFFRAP.1

AFFRAY, AFFRAYMENT, n. NWAD AFFRAY.1

1. In law, the fighting of two or more persons, in a public place, to the terror of others. A fighting in private is not, in a legal sense, an affray. NWAD AFFRAY.2

2. In popular language, fray is used to express any fighting of two or more persons; buy the word is now deemed inelegant. NWAD AFFRAY.3

3. Tumult; disturbance. NWAD AFFRAY.4

AFFREIGHT, v.t. affra’te. [See Freight.] NWAD AFFREIGHT.1

To hire a ship for the transportation of goods or freight. NWAD AFFREIGHT.2

AFFREIGHTED, pp. Hired for transporting goods. NWAD AFFREIGHTED.1

AFFREIGHTER, n. The person who hires or charters a ship or other vessel to convey goods. NWAD AFFREIGHTER.1

AFFREIGHTMENT, n. The act of hiring a ship for the transportation of goods. NWAD AFFREIGHTMENT.1

AFFRET, n. A furious onset, or attack. [Not used.] NWAD AFFRET.1

AFFRICTION, n. The act of rubbing. [Not used.] [See Friction.] NWAD AFFRICTION.1

AFFRIENDED, a. affrend’ed. Made friends; reconciled. Obs. NWAD AFFRIENDED.1

AFFRIGHT, v.t. affri’te. [See Fright.] NWAD AFFRIGHT.1

To impress with sudden fear; to frighten; to terrify or alarm. It expresses a stronger impression than fear or apprehend, and perhaps less than terror. NWAD AFFRIGHT.2

AFFRIGHT, n. Sudden or great fear; terror; also, the cause of terror; a frightful object. NWAD AFFRIGHT.3

AFFRIGHTED, pp. Suddenly alarmed with fear; terrified; followed by at or with, more generally by at; as, affrighted at the cry of fire. NWAD AFFRIGHTED.1

AFFRIGHTER, n. One who frightens. NWAD AFFRIGHTER.1

AFFRIGHTFUL, a. Terrifying; terrible; that may excite great fear; dreadful. NWAD AFFRIGHTFUL.1

AFFRIGHTING, ppr. Impressing sudden fear; terrifying. NWAD AFFRIGHTING.1

AFFRIGHTMENT, n. Affright; terror; the state of being frightened. [Rarely used.] [In common discourse, the use of this word, in all its forms, is superseded by fright, frighted, frightful.] NWAD AFFRIGHTMENT.1

AFFRONT, v.t. [L. frons, front, face.] NWAD AFFRONT.1

1. Literally, to meet or encounter face to face, in a good or bad sense; as, NWAD AFFRONT.2

The seditious affronted the king’s forces NWAD AFFRONT.3

[The foregoing sense is obsolete.] NWAD AFFRONT.4

2. To offer abuse to the face; to insult, dare or brave openly; to offer abuse or insult in any manner, by words or actions; as, to affront one by giving him the lie. NWAD AFFRONT.5

3. To abuse, or give cause of offense to, without being present with the person; to make slightly angry; a popular use of the word. NWAD AFFRONT.6

AFFRONT, n. NWAD AFFRONT.7

1. Opposition to the face; open defiance; encounter. Obs. NWAD AFFRONT.8

2. Ill treatment; abuse; any thing reproachful or contemptuous, that excites or justifies resentment, as foul language, or personal abuse. It usually expresses a less degree of abuse than insult NWAD AFFRONT.9

3. Shame; disgrace. [Not used.] NWAD AFFRONT.10

4. In popular language, slight resentment; displeasure. NWAD AFFRONT.11

AFFRONTED, pp. NWAD AFFRONTED.1

1. Opposed face to face; dared; defied; abused. NWAD AFFRONTED.2

2. In popular language, offended; slightly angry at ill treatment, by words or actions; displeased. NWAD AFFRONTED.3

AFFRONTEE, a. In heraldry, front to front; an epithet given to animals that face each other. NWAD AFFRONTEE.1

AFFRONTER, n. One that affronts. NWAD AFFRONTER.1

AFFRONTING, ppr. Opposing face to face; defying; abusing; offering abuse, or any cause of displeasure. NWAD AFFRONTING.1

AFFRONTING, a. Contumelious; abusive. NWAD AFFRONTING.2

AFFRONTIVE, a. Giving offense; tending to offend; abusive. NWAD AFFRONTIVE.1

AFFRONTIVENESS, n. The quality that gives offense. [Little used.] NWAD AFFRONTIVENESS.1

AFFUSE, v.t. s as z. [L. affundo, affusum, ad and fundo, to pour out. See Fuse.] NWAD AFFUSE.1

To pour upon; to sprinkle, as with a liquid. NWAD AFFUSE.2

AFFUSED, pp. Sprinkled with a liquid; sprinkled on; having a liquid poured upon. NWAD AFFUSED.1

AFFUSING, ppr. Pouring upon, or sprinkling. NWAD AFFUSING.1

AFFUSION, n. affu’zhun. The act of pouring upon, or sprinkling with a liquid substance, as water upon a diseased body, or upon a child in baptism. NWAD AFFUSION.1

AFFY, v.t. To betroth; to bind or join. [Not used.] NWAD AFFY.1

AFFY, v.t. To trust or confide in. [Not used.] NWAD AFFY.2

AFIELD, adv. [a and field.] To the field. NWAD AFIELD.1

AFIRE, adv. On fire. NWAD AFIRE.1

AFLAT, adv. [a and flat.] Level with the ground. NWAD AFLAT.1

AFLOAT, adv. or a. [a and float.] NWAD AFLOAT.1

1. Borne on the water; floating; swimming; as, the ship is afloat. NWAD AFLOAT.2

2. Figuratively, moving; passing from place to place; as, a rumor is afloat. NWAD AFLOAT.3

3. Unfixed; moving without guide or control; as, our affairs are all afloat. [As an adjective, this word always follows the noun.] NWAD AFLOAT.4

AFOOT, adv. [a or on and foot.] NWAD AFOOT.1

1. On foot; borne by the feet; opposed to riding. NWAD AFOOT.2

2. In action; in a state of being planned for execution; as, a design is afoot, or on foot. NWAD AFOOT.3

AFORE, adv. or prep. [a and fore.] NWAD AFORE.1

1. In front. NWAD AFORE.2

2. Between one object and another, so as to intercept a direct view or intercourse; as, to stand between a person and the light of a candle - a popular use of the word. NWAD AFORE.3

3. Prior in time; before; anterior; prior time being considered as in front of subsequent time. NWAD AFORE.4

The grass which withereth afore it groweth up. Psalm 129:6. NWAD AFORE.5

In all these senses it is now inelegant, and superseded by before. NWAD AFORE.6

4. In seaman’s language, toward the head of the ship; further forward, or nearer the stem; as, afore the windlas. Afore the mast, is a phrase which is applied to a common sailor, one who does duty on the main deck, or has no office on board the ship. NWAD AFORE.7

AFOREGOING, a. Going before. [See Foregoing, which is chiefly used.] NWAD AFOREGOING.1

AFOREHAND, adv. [afore and hand.] NWAD AFOREHAND.1

1. In time previous; by previous provision; as, he is ready aforehand. NWAD AFOREHAND.2

She is come aforehand to anoint my body. Mark 14:8. NWAD AFOREHAND.3

2. a. Prepared; previously provided; as, to be aforehand in business. Hence in popular language, amply provided; well supplied with the means of living; having means beyond the requirements of necessity; moderately wealthy. The word is popularly changed into aforehanded, beforehanded, or rather forehanded; as, a forehanded farmer. NWAD AFOREHAND.4

AFOREMENTIONED, a. [afore and mention.] NWAD AFOREMENTIONED.1

Mentioned before in the same writing or discourse. NWAD AFOREMENTIONED.2

AFORENAMED, a. [afore and name.] Named before. NWAD AFORENAMED.1

AFORESAID, a. [afore and say.] Said or recited before, or in a proceeding part. NWAD AFORESAID.1

AFORETIME, adv. [afore and time.] In time past; in a former time. NWAD AFORETIME.1

AFOUL, adv. or a. [a and foul.] Not free; entangled. NWAD AFOUL.1

AFRAID, a. [The participle of affray.] NWAD AFRAID.1

Impressed with fear or apprehension; fearful. This word expresses a less degree of fear than terrified or frightened. It is followed by of before the object of fear; as, to be afraid of death. NWAD AFRAID.2

Joseph was afraid to sin against God. NWAD AFRAID.3

AFRESH, adv. [a and fresh.] Anew; again; recently; after intermission. NWAD AFRESH.1

They crucify the son of God afresh. Hebrews 6:6. NWAD AFRESH.2

AFRICA, n. [L. a neg. and frigus, cold.] NWAD AFRICA.1

One of the four quarters or largest divisions of the globe; a continent separated from Europe by the Mediterranean sea. NWAD AFRICA.2

AFRIC, AFRICAN, a. Pertaining to Africa. NWAD AFRIC.1

AFRICAN, n. A native of Africa. NWAD AFRICAN.1

This name is given also to the African marygold. NWAD AFRICAN.2

AFRONT, adv. In front. NWAD AFRONT.1

AFT, a. or adv. NWAD AFT.1

In seaman’s language, a word used to denote the stern or what pertains to the stern of a ship; as, the aft part of the ship; haul aft the main sheet, that is, further towards the stern. Fore and aft is the whole length of a ship. Right aft is in a direct line with the stern. NWAD AFT.2

AFTER, a. [The comparative degree of aft. But is some Teutonic dialects it is written with g.] NWAD AFTER.1

1. In marine language, more aft, or towards the stern of the ship; as, the after sails; after hatchway. NWAD AFTER.2

2. In common language, later in time; as, an after period of life. NWAD AFTER.3

In this sense, the word is often combined with the following noun; as in afternoon. NWAD AFTER.4

AFTER, prep. NWAD AFTER.5

1. Behind in place; as, men placed in a line one after another. NWAD AFTER.6

2. Later in time; as, after supper. This word often precedes a sentence, as a governing preposition. NWAD AFTER.7

After I have arisen, I will go before you into Galilee. Matthew 26:32. NWAD AFTER.8

3. In pursuit of, that is, moving behind, following; in search of. NWAD AFTER.9

After whom is the king of Israel come out? 1 Samuel 24:14. NWAD AFTER.10

Ye shall not go after other Gods. Deuteronomy 6:14. NWAD AFTER.11

4. In imitation of; as, to make a thing after a model. NWAD AFTER.12

5. According to; as, consider a thing after its intrinsic value. NWAD AFTER.13

6. According to the direction and influence of. NWAD AFTER.14

To walk after the flesh; to live after the flesh. Romans 8:1-13. NWAD AFTER.15

To judge after the sight of the eye. Isaiah 11:3. NWAD AFTER.16

To inquire after is to seek by asking; to ask concerning. NWAD AFTER.17

To follow after, in scripture, is to pursue, or imitate; to serve, or worship. NWAD AFTER.18

AFTER, adv. Posterior; later in time; as, it was about the space of three hours after. In this sense, the word, however, is really a preposition, the object being understood; about three hours after the time or fact before specified. NWAD AFTER.19

After is prefixed to many words, forming compounds, but retaining its genuine signification. Some of the following words are of this kind, but in some of them after seems rather to be a separate word. NWAD AFTER.20