IGICE CYA 24 - KORINTO

(Iki gice gishingiye ku Byakozwe n’Intumwa 18:1-18)

Mu kinyejana cya mbere cy’Igihe cy’Ubukristo, Korinto wari umwe mu mijyi minini atari mu Bugiriki gusa; ahubwo no ku isi yose. Abagiriki, Abayahudi, Abanyaroma hamwe n’abagenzi bavuye hirya no hino wasangaga buzuye mu mihanda y’uwo mujyi bazanywe n’ubucuruzi no kwinezeza. Korinto yari ihuriro rikomeye ry’ubucuruzi, wari uri uherereye ahantu horoshye kugera uturutse mu ntara zose z’ubwami bwa Roma kandi hari ahantu h’ingenzi hashingwa inzibutso z’Imana n’ukuri kwayo.INI 152.1

Akwila na Purisikila bari bamwe mu Bayahudi bari batuye i Korinto kandi aba baje guhinduka abakozi b’abanyamuhati ba Kristo. Pawulo amaze kunyurwa n’imico yabo “yabanye nabo.” Ibyak 18:3.INI 152.2

Mu itangiriro ry’umurimo we muri uru rugendo, Pawulo yabonye ko impande zose hari inzitizi zikomeye ku iterambere ry’umurimo we. Abanyakorinto hafi ya bose bari barirunduriye mu bigirwamana. Venisi cyari ikigirwamana cy’ikigore cyari gikunzwe kandi kukiramya byajyanaga n’imigenzo n’imihango y’urukozasoni. Abanyakorinto bari barahindutse ibyamamare cyane no mu bapagani kubera ibyaha by’urukozasoni. Nta kindi bari bitayeho kirenze kwinezeza no kwishimisha by’icyo gihe.INI 152.3

Igihe yabwirizaga ubutumwa bwiza i Korinto, Pawulo yakoresheje uburyo butandukanye n’ubwo yakoresheje ari Atene. Ubwo yari Atene yagerageje kuvugana na bo agendeye ku mico y’abari bamuteze amatwi; yari yaragiye ahera ku mitekerereze yabo nawe akababwira imiterereze ye, agahuza ubumenyi bwabo n’ubwe ndetse n’ubuhanga bwabo n’ubwe. Arebye igihe ahamaze akabona n’ukuntu inyigisho ze muri Atene zageze ku musaruro muke, yiyemeje gufata indi gahunda y’umurimo muri Korinto, agakoresha imbaraga ze kugira ngo yigarurire intekerezo z’abatari bagize icyo bitaho. Yiyemeje kutababwira amagambo yo kubemeza no kujya impaka na bo ndetse no ” kutagira ikindi amenyesha” abanyakorinto, “keretse Yesu Kristo, ari we Yesu Kristo wabambwe. N’ibyo yababwirizaga “ntibyari amagambo y’ubwenge yo kwemeza abantu, ahubwo byari ibigaragaza Umwuka n’imbaraga.” 1Kor 2:2, 4.INI 152.4

Yesu, uwo Pawulo yifuzaga kuvugira imbere y’Abagiriki mu mujyi wa Korinto ko ari Kristo, yari Umuyahudi wavukiye mu muryango woroheje, arererwa mu mudugudu wari uzwi ho gukabya mu byaha. Yari yaranzwe n’ishyanga rye kandi nyuma aza kubambwa nk’umugizi wa nabi. Abagiriki bizeraga ko inyokomuntu ikeneye kuzahurwa, nyamara bafataga kwiga iby’ubucurabwenge n’ubuhanga nk’aho ari bwo buryo bwonyine bwageza umuntu ku gushyirwa hejuru nyakuri kandi agahabwa icyubahiro. Mbese Pawulo ni we wari kubemeza ko kwizera imbaraga z’uyu Muyahudi bafataga nk’umuswa ari byo byari kuzahura kandi bigahesha icyubahiro imbaraga z’umuntu?INI 152.5

Ku bantu benshi bo muri iki gihe, umusaraba w’i Kaluvari ubibutsa ibintu byera. Mu ntekerezo zabo bumva ibyabereye ku musaraba ari ibintu byera. Ariko mu gihe cya Pawulo umusaraba wari ikintu abantu banga kandi giteye ubwoba. Kubwiriza ko Umukiza w’inyokomuntu ari umuntu wapfuye abambwe ku musaraba, byagombaga kumutera gusuzugurwa no kurwanywa.INI 153.1

Pawulo yari asobanukiwe neza n’uburyo ubutumwa bwe bwari gufatwa n’Abayahudi n’Abagiriki b’i Korinto. Yaravuze ati: “Twebweho tubabwiriza ibya Kristo wabambwe: uwo ku Bayuda ni ikigusha, ku banyamahanga ni ubupfu.” (1Kor 1:23). Mu Bayahudi bamwumvaga harimo benshi bari kurakazwa n’ubutumwa yari agiye kwamamaza. Mu myumvire y’Abagiriki bo, amagambo ye yari ubusazi. Bashoboraga kumubona nk’umuntu ufite ubwenge buke kubwo kugeregeza kwerekana uburyo umusaraba ufitanye isano no kuzahurwa cyangwa agakiza k’inyokomuntu.INI 153.2

Nyamara kuri Pawulo umusaraba ni wo wari ikintu kimwe gifite agaciro kuruta ibindi. Kuva amaze gufatirwa mu murimo we wo gutoteza abayoboke b’Umunyanazareti wabambwe, ntiyigeze acogora guha umusaraba icyubahiro. Icyo gihe yari yarahishuriwe urukundo rw’Imana ruhebuje, nk’uko rwagaragarijwe mu rupfu rwa Kristo; kandi uguhinduka gutangaje kwari kwarabaye mu buzima bwe kwatumye inama ze n’imigambi ye yose bihuza n’ijuru. Kuva icyo gihe yahindutse umuntu mushya muri Kristo. Yari azi mu byo yari yaragiye ahura na byo ko iyo umunyabyaha abonye urukundo rwa Data wo mu ijuru, nk’uko rwagaragaye mu gitambo cy’Umwana we, maze akiyegurira imbaraga y’Imana ngo imuyobore, habaho guhinduka k’umutima kandi kuva icyo gihe Kristo akamubera byose muri byose.INI 153.3

Igihe yahindukaga, Pawulo yuzujwe icyifuzo gikomeye cyo gufasha bagenzi be guhanga amaso Yesu w’ i Nazareti nk’Umwana w’Imana nzima, ufite ubushobozi bwo guhindura no gukiza. Kuva icyo gihe ubugingo bwe bwose yabweguriye kwerekana urukundo n’imbaraga by’Uwabambwe. Umutima we wuje impuhwe yawugaragarizaga abantu b’inzego zose. Yaravuze ati: “Abagiriki n’abatari Abagiriki, abanyabwenge n’abaswa, mbafiteho umwenda.” (Abaroma 1:14). Urukundo yakundaga Imana nyir’icyubahiro, iyo yari yaratotereje intungane atazibabarira, ni rwo rwari ihame riyobora imyitwarire ye, kandi rukaba n’imbaraga imutera gukora. Igihe yacikaga intege ari mu nzira yo gusohoza inshingano ye, guhanga amaso umusaraba n’urukundo rutangaje rwahagaragarijwe byabaga bihagije kugira ngo bikangure ibitekerezo bye kandi ngo ashobore gukomeza mu nzira yo kwiyanga.INI 153.4

Nimurebe intumwa Pawulo abwiriza mu rusengero i Korinto, ajya impaka mu nyandiko za Mose n’abahanuzi, kugeza igihe ageze ku ntego yo kubwira abamwumvaga ukuza kwa Mesiya wasezeranwe. Nimumwumve asobanura umurimo w’Umucunguzi nk’umutambyi mukuru w’inyokomuntu, uwo binyuze mu gutanga ubugingo bwe ho igitambo yagombaga kuba icyiru cy’icyaha rimwe by’iteka ryose kandi nyuma agakomereza umurimo we mu buturo bwo mu ijuru. Abari bateze Pawulo amatwi bashobojwe gusobanukirwa ko Mesiya bari barifuje ukuza kwe, yari yaraje; kandi ko urupfu rwe ari rwo ibitambo byose byerekezagaho. Basobanukiwe kandi ko umurimo we mu buturo bwo mu ijuru werekanaga kandi ugasobanura umurimo w’ubutambyi wa Kiyahudi.INI 154.1

Pawulo, yahamirije Abayahudi yuko Yesu ari we Kristo. (Ibyak 18:5). Yahereye mu Byanditswe by’Isezerano rya Kera abereka ko nk’uko ubuhanuzi n’ibyo Abayahudi bari bategereje byavugaga, Mesiya yagombaga kuzaba uwo mu rubyaro rwa Aburahamu na Dawidi. Bityo yerekana ibisekuruza bya Yesu bihereye ku mukurambere Aburahamu ugakomeza no kuri Dawidi. Yasomye ubuhamya bw’abahanuzi ku byerekeranye n’imico n’umurimo bya Mesiya wasezeranywe, uko azakirwa n’uko azagenzwa ku isi. Yaberetse ko ubwo buhanuzi bwose bwari bwarasohoreye mu buzima, umurimo n’urupfu rwa Yesu w’i Nazareti.INI 154.2

Pawulo yerekanye ko Kristo yari yaraje gukiza mbere na mbere ishyanga ryari ritegereje ukuza kwa Mesiya nko kuzura n’icyubahiro by’ishyanga ryabo. Ariko iryo shyanga ryari ryaranze uwari kuba yarabahaye ubugingo, rihitamo undi muyobozi ingoma ye yari kuzarangirira mu rupfu. Yagerageje kumenyesha abari bamuteze amatwi ko kwihana konyine ari ko kwashoboraga gukiza ishyanga ry’Abayahudi kuva mu kurimbuka kwari kubategereje. Yahishuye ubujiji bwabo bwo kudasobanukirwa ibyerekeranye n’ubusobanuro bw’ibyo Byanditswe birataga kandi bakihesha ikuzo ko babisobanukiwe neza. Yamaganye kwitwara nk’ab’isi kwabo, gukunda ibyubahiro, kwiyerekana n’ubugugu bukabije.INI 154.3

Pawulo afite imbaraga ya Mwuka, yabatekerereje inkuru yo guhinduka kwe kwabaye mu buryo bw’igitangaza n’icyizere cye mu Byanditswe mu Isezerano rya Kera byari byarasohoreye muri Yesu w’i Nazareti. Pawulo yavuganye ishema, kandi abamwumvaga bashoboye gusobanukirwa ko yakundishaga umutima we wose Umukiza wabambwe kandi akazuka. Babonye ko ibitekerezo bye byari bihurijwe muri Kristo kandi ko imibereho ye yari yomatanye n’Umwami we. Amagambo ye yarashimwaga uretse gusa abangaga urunuka idini ya Gikristo nibo batavanwaga mu byimbo n’ayo magambo.INI 154.4

Ariko Abayahudi b’i Korinto birengagije ibihamya byumvikana neza Pawulo aberetse, maze banga kumva irarika rye. Umwuka watumye banga Kristo, ni nawo wabujuje umujinya n’uburakari bagiriye umugaragu we; kandi iyo Imana itaza kumurinda mu buryo bw’umwihariko kugira ngo akomeze yamamaze ubutumwa bwiza mu banyamahanga, bagombaga kuba baramuhitanye.INI 155.1

“Na bo bamugisha impaka, batuka Yesu, akunkumura imyenda ye, arababwira ati : ‘Amaraso yanyu ababeho; jyeweho ntandiho; uhereye none ngiye ku banyamahanga.’ Aherako avayo, yinjira mu nzu y’umuntu witwaga Titiyo Yusito, wubahaga Imana, inzu ye yari ihererenye n’isinagogi.” Ibyak 18:6, 7.INI 155.2

Sila na Timoteyo bari bavuye i Makedoniya baje gufasha Pawulo, kandi bafanyirije hamwe bigisha abanyamahanga. Pawulo na bagenzi be babwirije Abapagani n’Abayahudi ko Kristo ari Umukiza w’inyokomuntu yacumuye. Birinze kuvuga ku nyigisho zikomeye maze izo ntumwa zamamazaga iby’umusaraba zibanda ku mico y’Umuremyi w’isi ari we Mutegetsi w’ikirenga w’isanzure. Imitima yabo yagurumanaga urukundo rw’Imana n’Umwana wayo, maze bingingira abapagani gutumbira igitambo gihebuje cyatanzwe mu cyimbo cy’umuntu. Bari bazi ko igihe abo bantu bari bamaze igihe kirekire barindagirira mu mwijima w’ubupagani babonye umucyo uturuka ku musaraba w’i Karuvali, bashoboraga kuzanwa ku Mucunguzi. Umukiza yari yaravuze ati: “Nanjye nimanikwa hejuru y’isi, nzireherezaho abantu bose.” Yohana 12:32.INI 155.3

Muri Korinto, abavugabutumwa bwiza bahabonye ingorane zikomeye zateraga ubwoba abo babwirizaga kandi ni kubwo gusobanukirwa inshingano bari bafite byatumye bavuga ukuri nk’uko kuri muri Yesu. Ubutumwa bwabo bwarumvikanaga, bworoshye kandi burasa ku ntego. Bwari impumuro y’ubugingo itanga ubugingo cyangwa impumuro y’urupfu itanga urupfu. Ubutumwa bwiza ntibwagaragariraga mu mu magambo yabo gusa, ahubwo no mu buzima bwa buri munsi. Abamarayika bafatanyaga na bo; kandi ubuntu n’imbaraga by’Imana bikagaragarira mu bantu benshi bahindukaga. “Ariko Kirisipo, umutware w’isinagogi, yizerana Umwami Yesu n’abo mu rugo rwe bose; n’Abakorinto benshi bumvise Pawulo na bo barizera barabatizwa.” Ibyak 18:8.INI 155.4

Urwango Abayahudi bahoraga bagaragarizaga intumwa rwahereyeko ruriyongera. Aho kugira ngo bemere, aba barwanyaga Pawulo kandi banangiye imitima barakajwe no guhinduka no kubatizwa kwa Kirisipo. Ntibashoboraga kugira ibyo bavuga byavuguruza ibibwirizwa bya Pawulo; maze babibuze bifashisha guhimba ibinyoma no kumurwanya mu ibanga. Batutse ubutumwa bwiza n’izina rya Yesu. Mu burakari bwabo budafite aho bushingiye nta magambo asharira n’uburyo bubi bwose batakoresheje. Ntibashoboraga guhakana ko Yesu yari yarakoze ibitangaza ariko bavugaga ko yabikoreshwaga n’imbaraga ya Satani kandi banemeza bashize amanga ko n’imirimo itangaje Pawulo akora na we ayikoreshwa n’imbaraga yakoreshaga Yesu.INI 155.5

Nubwo Pawulo yabonye umusaruro mwiza i Korinto, ubugome yabonye kandi yumvise muri uwo mujyi wari warasaye mu byaha byamucaga intege. Ukwitwara nabi yabonye mu banyamahanga n’agasuzuguro n’ibitutsi Pawulo yatutswe n’Abayahudi byamushenguye umutima cyane. Yashidikanyije ku gitekerezo cyo kugerageza kubaka Itorero ahereye kubyo yari ahasanze.INI 156.1

Igihe yiteguraga kuva muri uwo mujyi kugira ngo ajye ahandi heza kandi ashaka gusobanukirwa n’inshingano ye, Uwiteka yaramwiyeretse mu iyerekwa aramubwira ati : “Ntutinye, ahubwo uvuge, we guceceka, kuko ndi kumwe na we, kandi nta muntu uzagutera kukugirira nabi, kuko mfite abantu benshi muri uyu mudugudu.” (Ibyak 18:9, 10). Pawulo yasobanukiwe ko iryo ari itegeko ahawe ryo kuguma i Korinto kandi ko ari n’ubwishingizi Uwiteka amuhaye ko azakuza imbuto zabibwe. Akomejwe kandi atewe ubutwari, yakomeje gukorera i Korinto afite umwete no kwihangana.INI 156.2

Imihati y’intumwa ntiyari ihagarariye ku kuvugira mu ruhame; hariho benshi batashoboraga kuba baragezweho muri ubwo buryo. Yamaze igihe kirekire yigisha ava ku rugo ajya ku rundi ari nako yimenyereza kubana n’imiryango. Yasuraga abarwayi n’abashavuye, agakomeza imbabare kandi agaha icyubahiro abakandamijwe. Kandi mu byo yavugaga byose n’ibyo yakoraga yererezaga izina rya Yesu. Uko niko yakoraga, ” afite intege nke, atinya, kandi ahinda umushyitsi mwinshi.” (1Kor 2:3). Yahindishwaga umushyitsi no gutinya ko inyigisho ze zagaragaza ubumuntu aho kugaragaza ubumana.INI 156.3

Nyuma y’aho Pawulo yaravuze ati: “Icyakora, ubwenge tubuvuga mu batunganijwe rwose, ariko ubwo bwenge si ubw’iki gihe, cyangwa ubw’abatware b’iki gihe bashiraho. Ahubwo tuvuga ubwenge bw’ubwiru bw’Imana, ari bwo bwenge bwahishwe, Imana yaringanije ibihe byose bitarabaho, ngo buduheshe icyubahiro. Mu batware b’iki gihe nta wabumenye; kuko iyo babumenya, ntibaba barabambye Umwami w’icyubahiro. Ariko, nk’uko byanditswe ngo; ‘Ibyo ijisho ritigeze kureba, n’ibyo ugutwi kutigeze kumva, ibitigeze kwinjira mu mutima w’umuntu, ibyo byose Imana yabyiteguriye abayikunda.’ Ariko Imana yabiduhishurishije umwuka wayo: kuko Umwuka arondora byose, ndetse n’amayoberane y’Imana. Mbese ni nde mu bantu wamenya ibyo undi atekereza, keretse Umwuka wa wa wundi umurimo? N’iby’Imana ni ko biri; nta wabimenya keretse umwuka wayo.INI 156.4

Ariko twebweho ntitwahawe ku mwuka w’iyi si, ahubwo twahawe uwo Mwuka uva ku Mana, kugira ngo tumenye ibyo Imana yaduhereye ubuntu, ari byo tuvuga; ariko ntitubivugisha amagambo akomoka mu bwenge bw’abantu, ahubwo tubivugisha akomoka ku Mwuka, dusobanuza iby’Umwuka iby’umwuka bindi.” 1Kor 2:6-13.INI 157.1

Pawulo yabonye ko atari yihagije we ubwe, ahubwo Mwuka Muziranenge wuzuye umutima we niwe watumaga ibitekerezo by’abantu biyoborwa ku kumvira Kristo. Yivuzeho ati: “Tugendana mu mubiri iteka urupfu rwa Yesu, ngo ubugingo bwa Yesu na bwo bugaragarire mu mibiri yacu.” (2 Kor 4:10). Kristo ni we wari ipfundo ry’inyigisho za Pawulo. Yaravuze ati: “ndiho; nyamara si jye uriho, ahubwo ni Kristo uriho muri jye.” Gal 2:20. Inarinjye yaratwikiriwe maze Kristo arahishurwa kandi arererezwa.INI 157.2

Pawulo yari intyoza. Mbere y’uko ahinduka yahoraga ashaka gukurura abamuteze amatwi akoresheje imvugo ye yuzuye ubutyoza, nyamara ubu bwo ibi byose yarabiretse. Aho kugira ngo akoreshe ibisigo n’ibyo yitekerereje byagombaga kunezeza kandi bikanyura ibitekerezo by’ababyumva nyamara ntibigire icyo bikora ku mibereho y’abantu ya buri munsi. Mu gukoresha imvugo yoroheje, Pawulo yashakaga kugeza ku bantu ukuri guhesha ubugingo. Kuvuga ukuri wifashishije ibitekerezo by’ibihimbano bishobora gutera gutwarwa, ariko ukuri kwigishijwe muri ubu buryo ntigutanga ibyo kurya bikenewe mu gukomeza umwizera mu ntambara ahura na zo mu buzima. Ubukene bwihutirwa n’ibigeragezo by’iki gihe abantu bahura na byo, bigomba kwitabwaho hifashishijwe amabwiriza mazima kandi agomba gushyirwa mu bikorwa aboneka mu mahame shingiro y’Ubukristo.INI 157.3

Imihati ya Pawulo muri Korinto yagize umusaruro. Abantu benshi baretse gusenga ibigirwamana biyegurira gukorera Imana nzima maze haboneka Itorero rinini rishingwa munsi y’ibendera rya Kristo. Bamwe barakijijwe bava mu banyamahanga bari barasayishije mu ngeso mbi maze bahinduka inzibutso z’imbabazi z’Imana n’ubushobozi bw’amaraso ya Kristo bwo kweza umunyabyaha.INI 157.4

Uko Pawulo yakomezaga gutsinda yamamaza Kristo byatumye Abayahudi batizera bahagurukira kurushaho kwiyemeza kumurwanya. Bahagurukiye hamwe ” bahuza inama; nuko batera Pawulo bamujyana imbere y’intebe y’imanza,” ya Galiyo wari umutware wo muri Akaya muri icyo gihe. Bizeraga ko nk’uko byari byagenze mbere, abategetsi bazifatanya nabo, maze bavuga mu majwi aranguruye kandi barakaye batangira kurega intumwa Pawulo bavuga bati: “Uyu yemeza abantu gusenga Imana mu buryo budahura n’amategeko.” Ibyak 18:12, 13.INI 157.5

Idini ya Kiyahudi yari irinzwe n’ubutegetsi bwa Roma bityo abaregaga Pawulo batekerezaga ko nibamushyiraho icyaha cyo kwica amategeko y’idini yabo, Roma yari kumubaha kugira ngo bamucire urubanza. Bari biringiye kumwicisha. Ariko Galiyo yari inyangamugayo maze yanga guhinduka igikoresho cy’Abayahudi b’abanyeshyari n’amayeri. Arambiwe ubwaka bwabo no kwigira intungane kwabo, yanze kwita ku kirego cyabo. Igihe Pawulo yiteguraga kugira icyo avuga ngo yiregure, Galiyo yamubwiye ko atari ngombwa. Galiyo yahindukiriye abaregaga Pawulo barakaye, aravuga ati : “Iyo haba hariho igicumuro cyangwa icyaha kibi, haba habonetse impamvu ko mbihanganira kubumva: ariko, ubwo hariho impaka z’amagambo n’iz’amazina n’iz’amategeko yanyu, nimubyirangirize; sinshaka guca urubanza rw’ibyo: ni ibyanyu. Abirukana imbere y’intebe y’imanza.” Ibyak 18:14-16.INI 158.1

Abayahudi n’Abagiriki bari bategerezanyije amatsiko icyemezo cya Galiyo; bityo guhita yirukana urubanza nk’utitaye ku nyungu z’abantu kandi arakaye, cyari ikimenyetso ku Bayahudi kugira ngo bareke ibyo barimo.INI 158.2

Icyemezo cy’umutware cyahumuye amaso y’imbaga y’abantu basakuzaga bashyigikiye Abayahudi. Ku ncuro ya mbere ubwo Pawulo yakoreraga imirimo ye mu Burayi, imbaga y’abantu yifatanyije nawe. Bakiri imbere ya Galiyo, kandi nawe ntiyagira icyo abikoraho, bahereye ko bavumbukira abari ku isonga mu kurega Pawulo. “Abagiriki bose bafata Sositeni, umutware w’isinagogi, bamukubitira imbere y’intebe y’imanza. Ariko Galiyo ntiyabyitaho.” (Ibyak 18:17). Uko niko Ubukristo bwabonye insinzi.INI 158.3

“Nuko nyuma y’ibyo Pawulo amarayo iyindi minsi myinshi.” Ibyak 18:18. Iyo intumwa iza kwirukanwa i Korinto muri icyo gihe, abihanye bakizera Yesu baba barashyizwe mu kaga. Abayahudi baba barakoze ibishoboka byose bagakoresha amahirwe bari babonye, ndetse bakaba banarimbura Ubukristo muri ako gace.INI 158.4