Chapter 5.
HOW JOSIAH FOUGHT WITH NECO [KING OF EGYPT.] AND WAS WOUNDED
AND DIED IN A LITTLE TIME AFTERWARD; AS ALSO HOW NECO CARRIED JEHOAHAZ,
WHO HAD BEEN MADE KING INTO EGYPT AND DELIVERED THE KINGDOM TO JEHOIAKIM;
AND [LASTLY] CONCERNING JEREMIAH AND EZEKIEL.FJAJ 10.21
1. NOW Neco, king of Egypt, raised an army, and marched to the river
Euphrates, in order to fight with the Medes and Babylonians, who had overthrown
the dominion of the Assyrians, (9)
This is a remarkable passage of chronology in Josephus, that about the
latter end of the reign of Josiah, the Medes and Babylonians overthrew
the empire of the Assyrians; or, in the words of Tobit's continuator, that
"before Tobias died, he heard of the destruction of Nineveh, which
was taken by Nebuchodonosor the Babylonian, and Assuerus the Mede,"
Tob. 14:15. See Dean Prideaux's Connexion, at the year 612.
for he had a desire to reign over Asia
Now when he was come to the city
Mendes, which belonged to the kingdom of Josiah, he brought an army to
hinder him from passing through his own country, in his expedition against
the Medes
Now Neco sent a herald to Josiah, and told him that he did not
make this expedition against him, but was making haste to Euphrates; and
desired that he would not provoke him to fight against him, because he
obstructed his march to the place whither he had resolved to go
But Josiah
did not admit of this advice of Neco, but put himself into a posture to
hinder him from his intended march
I suppose it was fate that pushed him
on this conduct, that it might take an occasion against him; for as he
was setting his army in array, (10)
This battle is justly esteemed the very same that Herodotus (B. II. sect.
156) mentions, when he says, that "Necao joined battle with the Syrians
[or Jews] at Magdolum, [Megiddo,] and beat them," as Dr. Hudson here
observes.
and rode about in his chariot, from one wing of his army to another, one
of the Egyptians shot an arrow at him, and put an end to his eagerness
of fighting; for being sorely wounded, he command a retreat to be sounded
for his army, and returned to Jerusalem, and died of that wound; and was
magnificently buried in the sepulcher of his fathers, when he had lived
thirty-nine years, and of them had reigned thirty-one
But all the people
mourned greatly for him, lamenting and grieving on his account many days;
and Jeremiah the prophet composed an elegy to lament him, (11)
Whether Josephus, from 2 Chronicles 35:25, here means the book of the Lamentations
of Jeremiah, still extant, which chiefly belongs to the destruction of
Jerusalem under Nebuchadnezzar, or to any other like melancholy poem now
lost, but extant in the days of Josephus, belonging peculiarly to Josiah,
cannot now be determined.
which is extant till tills time also
Moreover, this prophet denounced
beforehand the sad calamities that were coming upon the city
He also left
behind him in writing a description of that destruction of our nation which
has lately happened in our days, and the taking of Babylon; nor was he
the only prophet who delivered such predictions beforehand to the multitude,
but so did Ezekiel also, who was the first person that wrote, and left
behind him in writing two books concerning these events
Now these two
prophets were priests by birth, but of them Jeremiah dwelt in Jerusalem,
from the thirteenth year of the reign of Josiah, until the city and temple
were utterly destroyed
However, as to what befell this prophet, we will
relate it in its proper place.FJAJ 10.22
2. Upon the death of Josiah, which we have already mentioned, his son,
Jehoahaz by name, took the kingdom, being about twenty-three years old.
He reigned in Jerusalem; and his mother was Hamutal, of the city Libhah.
He was an impious man, and impure in his course of life; but as the king
of Egypt returned from the battle, he sent for Jehoahaz to come to him,
to the city called Hamath (12)This ancient city Hamath, which is joined with Arpad, or Aradus, and
with Damascus, 2 Kings 18:34; Isaiah 36:19; Jeremiah 49:23, cities of Syria
and Phoenicia, near the borders of Judea, was also itself evidently near
the same borders, though long ago utterly destroyed.
which belongs to Syria; and when he was come, he put him in bands, and
delivered the kingdom to a brother of his, by the father's side, whose
name was Eliakim, and changed his name to Jehoiakim and laid a tribute
upon the land of a hundred talents of silver, and a talent of gold; and
this sum of money Jehoiakim paid by way of tribute; but Neco carried away
Jehoahaz into Egypt, where he died when he had reigned three months and
ten days
Now Jehoiakim's mother was called Zebudah, of the city Rumah.
He was of a wicked disposition, and ready to do mischief; nor was he either
religions towards God, or good-natured towards men.FJAJ 10.23