Ikigabane Ca 5 - Yohana Wycliffe

Imbere y’uko ubugorozi bushinga imizi, urugamba rwa Bibiliya rwarabandanije, rurakomera gushika mbere n’aho zasigaye ari nkeya cane ; ariko rero Imana ntiyatereranye ijambo ryayo ngo rizimanganywe. Inyigisho z’ukuri zarimwo ntizashoboye kunyegezwa igihe cose. Imana yashoboye guserura amajambo yayo y’ubuzima butangaje, kumwe yugurura imiryango y’ibohero, ikavanamwo abakozi bayo, ivanyeho ivyuma vyugaye inzugi. Mu bihugu bitari bimwe vy’i Burayi abantu benshi bemejwe na Mpwemu w’Imana ngo barondere ukuri nk’abarondera ubutunzi bwanyegejwe. Mpwemu w’Imana yabayoboye gusesa mu Vyanditswe, maze basoma Bibiliya bafise umunezero w’akaburarugero. Bari biteguye kwironkera umuco naho boba mu kaga. Naho batashoboye kugira ico babona icese, ariko bashoboye gusobanukirwa n’ivy’ukuri vyari vyarahishijwe mu myaka myinshi. Bateye imbere nk’intumwa zo mw’ijuru, bavutagura iminyororo y’ubuhakanyi no kwizera uburozi n’ubupfumu no guterekera imizimu n’ibindi ben’ivyo, maze bahamagarira abantu bari bamaze igihe kirekire mu buja ngo babuvemwo bidegemvye.IB 58.3

Uretse mu ba Walidensi, ijambo ry’Imana, ahandi hose, ryari ryugaraniye mu ndimi zivugwa gusa n’abaminuje mu bumenyi. Hari hageze ko Bibiliya ihindurwa mu ndimi kugira ngo abantu bo mu bihugu bitari bimwe bayironke mu rurimi rwabo. Ijoro ry’igicu ryari rirangiye. Amasaha y’umwiza yariko ararengana, kandi mu bindi bihugu wamenga umutwenzi uratambitse.IB 59.1

Mu kinjana ca cumi na kane mu Bwongereza hahagurutse umuntu yitwa Yohana Wycliffe, yari abereye kwitwa « Inyenyeri yo mu mutwenzi y’Ubugorozi.» Ni we yabaye umuyobozi w’ubugorozi bw’ishengero, si mu Bwongereza gusa, ariko no mu Bihugu vyose vy’Ubukristo. (Abantu bahavuye bitwa aba « Puritans ”, barondera ukubaho kugororotse, batashima imigenzo y’Ishengero rya Roma, ni we bakuyeko inyigisho). Igihe ciwe cari kimeze nk’amazi yiburuka mu bugaragwa canke itara mu gihe c’umwiza. Ukuntu yahanganye n’inyigisho z’ishengero z’i Roma ntigushobora kwibagirana. Ni we yatanguye urugamba ruhambaye rwatumye haboneka umwidegemvyo wo kwemera ku bantu, ku mashengero hamwe mbere no ku bihugu.IB 59.2

Yohana Wycliffe yari yakurikiranye amashure ashira imbere kurekurira umuntu gushira ahabona ivyiyumviro vyiwe. Kuri we kari akamenyero ko itanguriro ry'ubwenge ari ukwubaha Uhoraho. Aho yiga, yari asanzwe azwi ko yitwararika ivy’Imana kandi ko afise ingabire zigaragara n’ubukerebutsi mw’ishure. Yumva afise inyota y’ukumenya ibintu; ni co gituma ata nyigisho n’imwe yafata minenerwe. Yarakurikiranye ivyigwa vy’ubuhinga mu kwiyumvira; ivy’amateka y’ishengero hamwe n’ivyo amategeko na cane cane ayerekeye igihugu ciwe. Ivyo yashitseko ahejeje amashure yiwe vyarerekanye ingene ivyigwa yakurikiranye vyari vyamubereye ngirakamaro. Kugira ubumenyi bwagutse mu buhinga mu vyo kwiyumvira vyamushoboje gushira ahabona amakosa abantu bari barasasiye indava. Kuba yari yarakurikiranye ivy’amategeko y’ishengero hamwe n’ay’igihugu vyamufashije guharanira ukwidegemvya kw’abantu n’ukw’amadini. Ubukerebutsi yari yarungutse kubwo amashure yize bwongerejwe ku birwanisho yari yaronse kubwo kwiga ijambo ry’Imana, maze bituma atahura neza uburyo bwo gukora bw’abahinga mu vyo kumenya. Ubushobozi bwo kwiyumvira yari afise hamwe no kwagukirwa kwiwe mu bumenyi vyatuma abagenzi biwe mbere n’abakeba bamwubaha. Abari inyuma yiwe baranejerejwe no kubona aza imbere mu bihangange mu vy’ubumenyi mu gihugu ciwe. Hamwe n’ivyo, ivyo vyaracecekesheje abahora bakengera idini kandi bibuza abansi b’ukuri kunebagura igikorwa c’Imana mu gutwenga ubujuju canke intege nke z’uwagishinzwe.IB 59.3

Akiri kw’ishure, Yohana Wycliffe yitwararitse gusoma ivyanditswe. Muri ivyo bihe, Bibiliya yari yanditswe mu ndimi zimenyerewe n’abahinga bazigishijwe. Abo rero nibo bashobora kuyisoma maze bakavoma kw’isoko y’ukuri abantu basanzwe batashobora gushikira. Ni muri ubwo buryo inzira yari yarugururiwe Yohana Wycliffe, kuzoba umugorozi muri kazoza. Abantu b’abahinga mu vyo ubumenyi bari barasomye ijambo ry’Imana kandi bari barahishuriwe muri ryo ukuri guhambaye kw’ubuntu bwayo. Mu nyigisho zabo bari barakwiragije ubumenyi bujanye n’ukwo kuri maze ivyo bituma abandi batangura kwiga amajambo y’ubuzima.IB 59.4

Aho Yohana Wycliffe yatangura kwitwararika Ivyanditswe, yabisomana umwete n’ubuhinga nk’ivyo yakoresha ariko yiga ibindi vyigwa vyo muri kaminuza. Yari asanzwe yumva ko hari ico ahajije atari yashoboye gushikanwako n’inyigisho z’ubuhinga butandukanye yize muri kaminuza canke iz’ishengero. Ico yari yararondeye ntakibone yahavuye agisanga mw’ijambo ry’Imana. Aho niho yatahuye umugambi w’agakiza ukuntu wahishuwe n’ukuntu Kristo yarungitswe kw’isi kuko ari we wenye muvugizi w’abantu. Yaciye we ubwiwe yitangira igikorwa ca Kristo maze yigira inama yo kwamamaza ukuri yari amaze kumenya.IB 60.1

Nk’uko vyagenze mu gihe c’Ubugorozi, Yohana Wycliffe agitangura iki gikorwa ntiyabonye imbere y’igihe aho cari kumushikana. Ntiyaciye yerekana bukwi na bukwi ko adashize hamwe n’ishengero ry’i Roma. Ariko kubwo kuzirikana kudasanzwe ukuri, nta handi vyari kumushikana atari uguhinyuza ikinyoma. Uko yagenda abona amakosa y’ubupapa ni ko yarushiriza guhagarara ku nyigisho Bibliliya ishikiriza. Amaze kubona ko ishengero ry’i Roma ryari ryirengagije ijambo ry’Imana rikarikaba n’imigenzo y’abantu, yaciye yagiriza ata bwoba igipadiri kuba carakumiriye Ivyanditswe maze aca asaba ko Bibiliya yosubizwa abantu bakayisoma; kandi ko ubushobozi bwayo bwokwongera guhabwa agaciro hagati mw’ishengero. Yari umwigisha w’umuhinga kandi w’umwete, yari umusiguzi abushitse, kandi ubuzima bwiwe bwa misi yose bwarangwa n’ukuri yama yigishije. Kumenya Ivyanditswe kwiwe, kuba ari umuntu yakunda kwiyumvira cane, kubaho ubuzima bw’inyankamugayo no kubwo kugira ishaka adahugumba kandi adahengamira ku ruhande na rumwe, vyamuteye kwizigirwa n’abantu muri rusangi. Abantu benshi ntibari bagishimishwa n’ukwizera kwabo kwa mbere ukurikije ingene bagenda batahura ikinyoma cari catse indaro mw’ishengero ry’i Roma. Ivyo vyatumye bakirana umunezero udasanzwe ukuri kwari gushizwe ahagaragara na Yohana Wycliffe. Ariko abarongozi b’ubupapa bafashwe n’urwanko rudasanzwe, aho babona ubwaku bw’uwo mugorozi ku bantu bugenda bwiyongera ku buryo burengeye ubwabo.IB 60.2

Yohana Wycliffe vyaramworohera rwose kubona ahantu hari ikosa. Ivyo vyatumye ahinyuza ashize ubwoba amakosa atari make ishengero ry’i Roma ryari ryararerekeye. Aho bamugena ngo abe umuvugiramana i bwami, yaciye yerekena neza aho ahagaze ku vyerekeranye n’imisoro, amakori, ubupapa bwasaba umwami w’Ubwongereza gutanga. Yerekanye ko uko Papa arondera kwihagira ububasha ku batware b’ibihugu ko biteye kubiri n’ivyo ubwenge bushobora kwemera hamwe n’ivyahishuwe n’ijambo ry’Imana. Hari hasanzwe ukwidoga guhambaye kubera amananiza Papa yashira ku bantu. Ariko kandi inyigisho za Yohana Wycliffe zari zaranagize ubwaku ku banyacubahiro bajejwe amabanga y’igihugu. Umwami n’abandi banyacubahiro baciye bagira urunani barahakana ko Papa atanga amategeko ku batware b’igihugu. Baranse kandi ko yogira ico abasaba ngo bame bakiriha nk’ikori. Aho rero, ubutegetsi bw’ubupapa bwari buhungabanijwe ku buryo budasanzwe mu gihugu c’Ubwongereza.IB 60.3

Ikindi kintu uwo mugorozi yakuriye hasi akakirwanya yivuye inyuma cari ishirwaho ry’umurwi udasanzwe w’abapatiri basabiriza: abamonaki. Abo bapatiri baboneka ku bwinshi mu Bwongereza kandi vyari vyatumye ubushobozi n’iteka vy’ico gihugu bibangamirwa. Nta gisata na kimwe c’ubuzima bw’igihugu kitari kibangamiwe kubw’abo bantu: amahinguriro, indero, imibano; vyose vyari bisugerejwe n’ubwaku bwabo. Ukurera amaboko hamwe no gusabiriza kw’abo bapatiri vyasa n’imvura y’isegenya ikurura ubutunzi abantu bari bafise, ivyo vyatumye ibikowa vy’agaciro bitituka. Urwaruka rw’ico gihe rwarataye umutwe maze ruratitura akaranga. Kubera ubwaku abo bapatiri bashize ku bantu vyatumye abatari bake binjira mu bigo vy’abihebeye Imana maze ubuzima bwabo bwose babuha iyo ntumbero, ataco barinze kubaza abavyeyi babo, batabibamenyesheje canke baciye kubiri n’ico babipfuriza. Umwe mu bantu babaye abavyeyi b’ishengero ry’i Roma mu bihe vya mbere na mbere, ashaka kwerekana ko kuba muri ivyo bigo bisumba kure urukundo rw’umwana imbere y'abavyeyi biwe n’amabanga aba ajejwe nk'umwana mu rugo, yaravuze ati: “Naho wobona so wawe arambaraye imbere y’urugi akorora amosozi yidoga; canke nyoko yakuvyaye akakwereka amaboko yakureze canke amabere yakwonkeje; ntuze utinye kubatambuka maze utumbere udakebeje kuri Kristo”. Ibi ni vyo Luther yahavuye yita “ukubura ubuntu ugacika igikoko” bishira ahagaragara imyifato y’imfyisi canke kuba ruburakigongwe aho kuba umukristo; uko ni ko imitima y’abana yakomantazwa nk’icuma maze bakihakana abavyeyi babo”.( Bamas Sears, The Life of Luther, pages 70, 69). Nk’uko abafarisayo bakora mu gihe cabo, abarongozi b’ubupapa nabo nyene batituye amabwirizwa y’Imana bayasubiriza imigenzo y’abantu. Uko niko imitima yasigaye yifumbereje maze abavyeyi baranyagwa abahungu n’abakobwa babo bobamaze irungu.IB 60.4

Mbere n’abiga muri za Kaminuza ntibabuze gukwegwa n’ivyo bihendamaso vy'abo bapatiri babasaba kwinjira mu muryango wabo w’abihebeye Imana. Benshi muri bo bashoboye kugarura agatima bamaze kubona ko ubuzima bwabo babupfishije ubusa. Ariko ku waba yamaze kurwa muri uwo mutego, ntivyamukundira na gato kwongera kuronka umwidegemvyo. Kubwo ugutinya ubwaku bw’abo bapatiri ku bana babo, abavyeyi benshi baranse kurungika abana muri za Kaminuza. Igitigiri c’abanyeshure baja kwiga mu bigo vy’amashure bikomakomeye caragabanautse rwose. Amasomero yarabaye umusaka maze ubujuju burongerekana.IB 61.1

Papa yari yeguriye abamonaki ububasha bwo kwiregesha hamwe no gutanga imbabazi. Ibi vyabaye isoko y’ikibi gihambaye. Kubwo kurondera inyungu z’umurengera, abo bamonaki basabiriza bama biteguye no kuba botanga imbabazi ku bamenja babatumbereye; ivyo ntivyatevye kugira inkurikizi mbi kuko ikibi caciye ciyongera gusumvya. Abagwayi hamwe n’abakene basigara mu mubabaro mu gihe ingabirano zari gutuma batora akoyoko zaba zahawe abo bamonaki bakoresha iterabwoba ku bantu kugira ngo babahe ivyo baba babiriye akuya; baramutse batabibahaye naho bavuga ko baca bashira ahabona amakosa yabo. Nubwo bamwe bama bihaya ko bahisemwo kubaho rworo; ubutunzi bw’abo bamonaki bwatera bwiyongera kandi inyubako zabo zarushirizaho kuba ziteye igomwe; amameza yabo yaba abereye ijisho kubera impfungurwa bama bihereje: ivyo vyose vyerekana ko ku banyagihugu bobo, ubukene bwatera bwiyongera. Umwanya wabo bawumara mu bihimbaro no mu musesekara mu gihe barungika gusemkirwa hanze n’abantu bafise ubumenyi buke, bashobora vyonyene gutera inkuru zitaroranye, ibitito n’utundi tuntu dutwenza abantu kugira ngo barushirizeho kubazirika ku kagozi. Ivyo ni vyo abo bamonaki bakomeje kwubakako, barabigendera; bagobera abantu isinzi kwemera ivyo bintazi maze babumvisha ko ibisabwa uwo wese yemera Imana ata bindi uretse gufata Papa nk’umutware wa mbere asumba abandi; gusenga aberanda hamwe no guha abamonaki ingabirano, kugira ngo umuntu abe yokwiziganiriza ikibanza mw’ijuru.IB 61.2

Abantu bafise ubumenyi buhagije kandi bakunda ivy’Imana bari baragerageje uko bashoboye kugira ngo habeho umuvyuro muri ivyo bigo vy’abo bapatiri maze bibata kuw’amazi. Ariko Yohana Wycliffe amaze kubona neza uko vyifashe, yaciye arondera kurandurana ikibi n’imizi yaco, agaragaza y'uko ubwo buryo bwo gukora bukwiye guhagarikwa kuko bwubatse ku kinyoma. Ivyo vyugururiye abantu inzira yo guharira no kwama babajije ibibazo maze ubwenge bwabo burushirizaho kumurikirwa. Mu gihe abamonaki bakwira igihugu cose bagurisha ibigongwe vy’aba Papa, abantu benshi batanguye gukekeranya bavuga ko bidashoboka y’uko ikigongwe cogurwa amafaranga, batangura rero kwibaza nimba ahubwo bitabereye ko bosaba Imana ikigongwe aho kugisaba Papa. Abantu atari bake baratewe ubwoba n’ubwo busahuzi bw’abo bamonaki bari bafise irari ry’ibintu ata kuntu worigenekereza. Wasanga bama bavuze ko “abamonaki n'abapatiri bariko barabamunga nk’indwara y’igisebe. Imana ikwiriye kubadukura ku gakanu, bitabaye uko abantu bazoyogera’’ (D'Aubigne, b. 17, ch. 7). Mu kunyegeza agatima kabo ko kwigungirako, abo bamonaki basabiriza bemeza abantu ko bakurikiza akarorero k’Umukiza. Bama bavuze icese ko Yesu hamwe n’abigishwa biwe bashigikiwe mu gikorwa cabo n'abantu babafashisha ivyabo. Iyo mvugo yahavuye ibagirira ingaruka mbi kuko yatumye abantu benshi batangura gusoma Bibiliya kugira ngo biyigishe bonyene ukuri- iki naco akaba ari co kintu Ishengero ry'i Roma ritashaka kwumva na gato. Ubwenge bw’abantu bwarongowe kw’isoko y’ukuri bipfuza ko kwoguma kunyegejwe.IB 62.1

Yohana Wycliffe yatanguye gutegura no gushira ahabona ivyandiko vyiyamiriza abo bamonaki basabiriza, adatumbereye kurondera kubashira isoni ngo ahangane nabo ahubwo agendereye guhamagarira abantu ngo bace ubwenge bige ivyo Bibiliya ihishura hamwe n’ivyo uwayandikishije ashikiriza. Yamenyesha ko ubushobozi bwo guharira ivyaha butari mu minwe ya Papa kandi ko butari no mu minwe y’abapatiri, ku rugero urwo ari rwo rwose. Hamwe n’ivyo yaranavuze ko ata muntu n’umwe ashobora kwirukanwa mw’ishengero kiretse ari we yikururiyeko ugucirirwako iteka n’Imana. Nta buryo bwiza busumba ubwo yari gushobora gukoresha kugira ngo asambure ico cubako amahero Papa yari yadugije camuha ubutware mu vya Mpwemu no mu vyo ubutegetsi bw’isi, ivyo bikaba vyari vyatumye imitima n’imibiri y’abantu isinzi ibohwa.IB 62.2

Hamwe n’ivyo Yohana Wycliffe yarahamagariwe guhagararira idarapo y’Ubwongereza kugira ngo uburenganzira bw’igihugu cabo ntibuhonyangwe n’ukwitoraguza kw’ubutware bw’ishengero ry’i Roma. Yaratoranijwe aragenwa mu bandi ngo aserukire umwami maze aca amara imyaka ibiri mu Buholande anyinyurana n’abaserukira Papa bariyo. Yama yashikiranye n’abaserukira ishengero bava mu Bufaransa, mu Butaliyano hamwe no muri Esupanye maze bituma aharonkera akaryo kadasanzwe ko kurimbura ibintu n’ibindi no kumenya ibintu vyinshi atari kwigera amenya iyo aguma mu Bwongereza. Yahatahuriye ibintu vyinshi vyahavuye bimufasha mu bikorwa vyiwe vyo mu bihe vyakurikiye. Yihweje abari bahagarariye ubupapa muri ico gihugu, yarashoboye gutahura imigambi hamwe na kamere y’abarongozi b’ishengero i Roma. Asubiye mu Bwongereza, yabandanije inyigisho ziwe yari yarashikirije ubwa mbere, noneho azishikiriza n’ishaka ryinshi ku mugaragaro avuga ko ukwipfuza, ubwibone n’ububeshi ari vyo abarongozi b’ishengero i Roma bahinduye imana.IB 62.3

Mu rwandiko rumwe mu zo yakwiragiza, yavuze ivya Papa n’ivyo abo yatuma ngo bamwegeranirize ivyo abantu bashikana, muri aya majambo: ‘ibitunze abanyagihugu barabibaka kandi ku mwaka ku mwaka umwami bamutwara amafaranga y’umurengera atangwa ku masakaramentu hamwe n’ibindi bintu bijanye n’ukwemera; ivyo navyo si ikindi uretse inyigisho yavumwe y’ikinyoma yo kugurisha ikigongwe c’Imana, arondera kuguma abohesheje abakristo. Kandi naho Ubwongereza bwari kuba bufise umusozi w’ubutare bw’izahabu utegerwa n’umuntu n’umwe uretse uwoba arungitswe kubwegeranya na wa Musaseredoti yibona w’iyi si; uwo musozi wohava uzimangana kuko ikintu cose cerekeranye n’itunga hamwe n’urufaranga aragitwara ntihagire ikindi dusigarana uretse umuvumo w’Imana kubwo kuba twemeye kugura ikigongwe” (John Lewis, History of the Life and Sufferings of J. Wiclif, page 37).IB 63.1

Amaze igihe gito agarutse mu Bwongereza, Umwami yaramugenye ngo arongore ikigo ca Kaminuza ya Lutterworth. Iki cari ikimenyamenya c’uko Umwami atigeze akengera inyandiko za Yohana Wycliffe ngo zimutere isoni. Ahubwo ubwaku bwiwe bwari bwagize ico bufasha ku ngingo zifatwa n’Umwami ubwiwe mbere no ku vyiyumviro vy’abanyagihugu.IB 63.2

Hataramara igihe kirekire, inkuba zaramusekaniyeko zirungitswe na Papa. Ubwongereza bwararungikiwe inzandiko zitatu zihambaye - rumwe rwari urw’iyo Kaminuza, urundi rwari urw’Umwami, urundi na rwo rwari urw’abapatiri bakorera muri ico gihugu c’Ubwongereza. Ayo makete yose yasaba ko hofatwa bwa vuba ingingo ingingo ntabanduka zo kubuza kuvuga uwo mwigisha w’icaduka (Augustus Neander, General History of the Christian Religion and Church, period 6, sec. 2, pt. 1, par. 8). Ariko rero imbere y’uko nayo makete ashika, abasenyeri bari bagize ishaka ridasanzwe barengutsa Yohana Wycliffe imbere yabo kugira ngo bamwagirize. Abaganwa babiri b’ibihangange bari bamuherekeje imbere y’iyo sentare idasanzwe; maze abanyagihugu nabo bari bakikuje iyo nyubakwa baca bitera imbere, abacamanza baca bagira ubwoba, maze urubanza ruca rurahagarikwa, bituma Yohana Wycliffe asubira inyuma amarembe. Nta gihe kirekire carenganye maze Edouard wa kabiri, uwo abapatiri bariko barondera gucako kugira ngo yankirize Yohana Wycliffe, yarapfuye kuko yari ageze mu za bukuru. Ubwami bwaciye buba burahagarariwe n’umwe mu bashigikira Yohana Wycliffe.IB 63.3

Ayo makete yarungitswe n’abarongozi b'ishengero ry'i Roma amaze gushika mu Bwongereza basanze arimwo itegeko risaba igihugu cose ko uwo mugumutsi yofatwa agafungwa. Ingingo nk’iyo yatumbereza ku gihano c’uko Yohana Wycliffe yofatwa agaturirwa. Vyari ibintu vyibonekeza ko bidatevye Yohana Wycliffe yari kuhava yankirizwa ubuzima kubwo agatima k’ukwihora kw’abarongozi b’ishengero i Roma. Ariko uwigeze kuvuga igihe kimwe ngo “ntaco utinya ni jewe nkinzo yawe” (Itanguriro 15:1), n’ubu yarongeye aramvura amaboko akingira umusuku wiwe. Ego urupfu rwaragize uwo rutwara ariko uwapfuye si uwaronderwa ahubwo ni uwamurondera. Yohana Wycliffe siwe yapfuye, ariko uwapfuye ni umutegetsi ahambaye mw’idini yari yamusabiye urupfu. Gregori wa cumi na rimwe yasezeye isi maze abarongozi b’ishengero batandukanye bari bakoraniye hamwe ngo bacire urubanza Yohana Wycliffe baca barasanzara.IB 63.4

Ivyashika vyose vyari musi y’ukuboko kw’Imana, ni yo yahaye akaryo ubugorozi ngo butere intambwe. Gregori wa cumi na rimwe amaze gupfa, haciye hatorwa aba Papa babiri bari basanzwe bakebana ngo bamusubirire. Bwari bubaye uburongozi bubiri butarabana ryiza, bumwe bwose ku ruhande rwabwo buvuga ko butihenda kandi busaba ko bwokwubahwa. Ubuyobozi bwose bwasaba abayobozi babwo babwizigira kubufasha ngo bwikureko ubwo bundi bukebana. Ivyo vyose uburongozi bumwe bwose bwabikora bushigikiza amategeko yabwo imivumo ku bansi babwo, maze ku babushigikira nabo bukabasezeranira impera y’ijuru. Ibi vyatumye ubutegetsi bw'ubupapa bugira intege nke. Iyo mirwi ibiri y’abapapa ihanganye yakoze uko ishoboye irondera kwankirizanya maze Yohana Wycliffe aca aharonkera agahengwe k'umwanya muto. Ugucira uwundi kw’iteka, ukwagirizanya, vyava ku mupapa umwe bija ku wundi; kandi imivo y’amaraso yaratemba kugira ngo ivyo bavuga bihushanye bishigikirwe. Ubwicanyi hamwe n’ibintu vy’ibara vyarateye mw’ishengero. Mu gihe abo ba Papa bariko baranyinyurana, Yohana Wycliffe we yari mu bwigobeko bwa Kaminuza ya Lutterworth, atekaniwe, kandi akora uko ashoboye kugira ngo atumbereze abantu kuri Kristo, Umwami w’amahoro aho kweza amaso ubupapa.IB 64.1

Ukwo kwicamwo ibice kw’ubupapa, hamwe n’imivurungano n’ugutituka kw’imigenzo vyazanye, vyugururiye inzira ubugorozi kuko kwatumye abantu babona ishusho y’ukuri y'ubupapa. Mu rwandiko yasohoye ruvuga ivy’ukwo kwicamwo ibice kw’ubupapa, Yohana Wycliffe yahamagariye abantu kuzirikana nimba koko abo basaseredoti babiri bataba bariko bavuga ukuri igihe bagirizanya umwe wese ko ari anti-kristo. Yabandanije avuga ati: “Imana ntiyemeye ko Rwuba akorera muri umwe gusa muri ba barongozi b’ishengero babiri... Yarabasangije ubutware kugira ngo abantu, mw’izina rya Yesu, batahure uburiganya bwabo bompi” (R. Vaughan, Life and Opinions of John de Wycliffe, vol. 2, p. 6.)IB 64.2

Yisunze akarorero k’Umwigisha wiwe, Yohana Wycliffe, yamenyesheje abakene ubutumwa bwiza. Ntiyanezerejwe gusa no gushikana umuco mu mihana iciye bugufi yakukira paruwasi yarimwo ya Lutterworth, yarondera no kubona ubwo butumwa bukwira mu karere kose k’Ubwongereza. Kugira ngo abishikeko yateguye umurwi w’abasiguzi basanzwe ariko bafise ishaka, bakunda ukuri kandi bumva ata kindi boshira imbere uretse kukwamamaza. Abo basiguzi bakwiragiye igihugu cose bigishiriza mu masoko, mu mabarabara y’ibisagara binini hamwe no mu gihugu hagati. Barashikiriye abatama, abarwaye hamwe n'abakene basangira nabo amajambo y’ubuntu bw’Imana.IB 64.3

Nk’umwigisha w’iyobokamana muri Kaminuza y’i Oxford, Yohana Wycliffe yahigishirije ijambo ry’Imana. Abanyeshure yigisha yabashikanyeko ukuri mu bwizigirwa ku buryo bamutaziriye ko afise impamyabushobozi y’ikirenga mu vy’ubutumwa bwiza. Ariko igikorwa gihambaye co mu buzima bwiwe kwabaye ugushira mu rurimi rw’icongereza Ivyanditswe vyera. Mu gitabo yitiriye “Ivy’Ukuri hamwe n’insiguro ku Vyanditswe” (On the Truth and Meaning of Scripture), yavuzemwo ivy’umugambi afise wo gushira Bibiliya mu congereza kugira ngo umuntu wese ashobore kwisomera mu rurimi rw’amavuko ibitangaza vy’Imana.IB 64.4

Ariko igikorwa ciwe nticabandanije, cahagaze bukwi na bukwi. Imirimo myinshi y’urutavanako, ivyigwa hamwe n’ibitero vy’abansi biwe vyamunyaze inguvu yari afise maze asazira imburagihe. Atarakwiza imyaka mirongo itandatu yafashwe n’indwara iteye ubwoba. Abapatiri b’abakeba biwe biriye icara bumvise ko yarwaye. Ako kanya bibajije ko noneho ari bwihane ikibi kibishe yakoreye ishengero, baca basiganirwa ku musanga mu cumba yarimwo ngo bamwiregeshe. Abaserukira imiryango ine y’abihebeye Imana baherekejwe n’abaserukira urwego rw’ubucamanza bane barakoraniye mu cumba uyo bari biteze ko agiye gupfa yarimwo. Baramubariye bati: “Raba urupfu rumaze gushikira iminwa yawe, amakosa wakoze ni agutere kurimbura maze usokorere imbere yacu ivyo vyose wavuze vyatubujije amahoro”. Uyo mugorozi yarabumvirije mu gacerere, maze aca asaba uwari amugwaje ku mwegura, amwicarika mu gitanda. Yabashinze amaso aho bari bahagaze barindiriye ko hari ico yovuga yisubirako, maze akoresheje ijwi rirongorotse iryo bari bamenyereye kwumva bakajugumira, arababwira ati: “Ntabwo nzopfa, ariko nzobaho, kandi nzokwongera nerekane ibikorwa bigayitse vy’abamonaki” (D'Aubigne, b. 17, ch. 7.) Abo bari baje kumuraba baguye mu gahundwe, bumva nta kindi boshobora kuvuga; baca basiganirwa gusohoka mu cumba barimwo.IB 65.1

Neza na neza amajambo Yohana Wycliffe yavuze yarashitse. Yarongewe imisi y’ukubaho kugira ngo ashire mu minwe y’abanyagihugu b’Ubwongereza ikigwanisho gisumba ibindi co guhangana na Roma. Yabahaye Bibiliya, intumwa yashizweho n’ijuru kugira ngo ibohore, imurikire kandi imenyeshe abantu ubutumwa bwiza. Hariho inzitizi nyinshi kandi zikomeye zo guhangana nazo kugira ngo ico gikowa kirangurwe. Yohana Wycliffe yakomeje kuremerwa n’ubumuga. Yarazi ko ata myaka myinshi ashigaje yo gukora kandi yarabona ko ategerezwa guhura n’abamurwanya benshi. Ariko yaremeshejwe n’amasezerano y’ijambo ry’Imana maze atera imbere adacitse intege. Akoresheje ubushobozi bwose bw’ubwenge yahawe kandi yisunze ivyo yatahuye kubwo ubuzima yabayemwo, yari yarateguwe kandi yararinzwe n’ubuntu bw’Imana mu ntumbero yo kurangura igikorwa nk’iki: ico ni co cari gihambaye mu vyo yaranguye vyose. Mu gihe abakristo bose bari baguye mu gahundwe, uwo mugorozi we aho yari muri Kaminuza y’i Lutterworth, icari kimuraje ishinga nti cari ico gihuhusi cabica bigacika hanze, igikorwa yari yaratoranye ni co yitwararitse gusumvya ibindi.IB 65.2

Impera n’imperuka, igikorwa caranonosowe; Bibiliya isobanuwe mu rurimi rw’icongereza yarasohotse. Ijambo ry’Imana ryari ryugururiwe Ubwongereza. Umugorozi ntiyari agitinya ko yofungwa canke ko yoturirwa. Yari yamaze gushira mu minwe y’abanyagihugu b’Ubwongereza umuco utari ugishobora kuzimangana. Mu guha abanyagihugu Bibiliya, vyari vyafashije ikintu kinini mu gucagagura iminyororo y’ubujuju n’ubugizi bwa nabi, mu kubohora igihugu no mu kugikuza; ivyo ntivyari bwigere bishikwako n’intsinzi zikomeye zo ku rugamba.IB 65.3

Kubera ko ubuhinga bw’amacapiro butari bwakoreshwe, uburyo bwonyene bwariho bwo kugwiza Bibiliya kwari ugufata umwanya witonze ukayikoporora urupapuro ku rundi. Hariho ishaka ridasanzwe mu kurondera kuronka ico gitabo, ku buryo abantu benshi bigiriye inama yo gukora'ico gikorwa co kuyikoporora. Ariko ntivyari vyoroshe na gato kuronsa Bibiliya abazipfuza bose. Hariho bamwe mu bari bafise uburyo bwinshi bipfuza kuronswa Bibiliya bose. Abandi nabo bayigura ibice bice. Hari henshi wasanga imiryango myinshi itandukanye ikoranira hamwe ikagura Bibiliya imwe. Uko ni ko Bibiliya yashizwe mu congereza na Yohana Wycliffe yashoboye gushika mu miryango y’abanyagihugu.IB 65.4

Guhamagarira abantu gukoresha ubwenge bwabo mu vyerekeye idini kwakijije abatari bake gukurikira inyigisho ntavuguruzwa ubupapa bwashaka ngo bemere batabajije. Noneho Yohana Wycliffe yaciye yigisha ku buryo bugaragara ivyizerwa aba protestanti bisangije - agakiza kabonerwa mu kwizera Yesu Kristo hamwe n’uko Ivyanditswe vyonyene ari vyo bitihenda. Abasiguzi Yohana Wycliffe yari yarungitse baratembereje Bibiliya hamwe n’ibindi vyandiko vyiwe. Bashitse ku bantu benshi mbere harimwo n’abahambaye kuko hafi y’ica kabiri c’abantu baba mu Bwongereza ico gihe barakiriye uwo muco mushasha bawugira uwabo.IB 66.1

Iseruka rya Bibiliya ryatumye abategetsi b’ishengero ry’i Roma bahahamuka, barabura amahoro. Noneho bari bagiye guhangana n’intumwa irusha kure ubushobozi Yohana Wycliffe; ibirwanisho vyose bari bafise ntaco vyari bimaze imbere yayo. Nta tegeko ryariho ico gihe mu Bwongereza rikumira Bibiliya kuko itari bwigere na rimwe isohoka iri mu rurimi rw’abanyagihugu baho. Mu nyuma niho ayo mategeko yahavuye ashingwa kandi arahimirizwa. Ariko rero, n’aho abapatiri bakora uko bashoboye ngo baburizemwo ico gikorwa, ivyo ntivyabujije ko ijambo ry’Imana rironswa akaryo ko kuba rirakwiragizwa.IB 66.2

Abaserukira ubupapa barongeye kugerageza kurondera ingene bobuza uyo mugorozi kuvuga. Yararengukijwe gatatu imbere ya Sentare ariko ntiyajaniranwa. Ubwa mbere yarengukishijwe imbere y’abasenyeri bamwagiriza ko mu vyo yandika huzuyemwo ibinyoma. Kandi kubwo kwitonesha imbere y’umwami Richard wa Kabiri yari akiri umusore no kumugobera ngo abashigikire, uno yaciye asohora itegeko rifungisha umuntu wese yari kubandanya yumiye kuri izo nyigisho bita iz’ibinyoma.IB 66.3

Yohana Wycliffe yarunguruje urubanza rwiwe asaba ko inama nshingamateka yomwumviriza. Yasavye ashize amanga abarongozi b’ishengero ko borenguka imbere y’intahe y’inama nkuru y’igihugu maze asaba ko hosubirwamwo amarorerwa ishengero ry’i Roma ryubakiyeko kandi rikayakamisha. Amajambo ashika ku mutima yashikirije ku mugaragaro yerekanye ukwigungirako hamwe no gutitura imico kw’ubupapa. Abamwagiriza bavyumvise bakutse umutima, barabura ayo bacira n’ayo bamira. Vyari vyabaye nkenerwa ko abagenzi n’abandi bayoboke ba Yohana Wycliffe bakinjura, ku buryo hari hitezwe y’uko uyo mugorozi wenyene, n’imyaka yari agezemwo, adafise kiremesha n’umwe i ruhande yiwe, yari kuhava aca bugufi imbere y’abo bategetsi bahambaye bari bahagarariye Umwami hamwe n’ishengero. Ariko rero si uko vyagenze: abaserukira Papa bahavuye babona yuko barushijwe. Inama nshingamateka ntiyashoboye kuguma mu gacerere kandi Yohana Wycliffe yariko arasemerera; yaciye ihagarika amategeko ahana abantu yari imaze gusohoka maze yambika izera uyo mugorozi.IB 66.4

Ubugira gatatu, Yohana Wycliffe yarengukishijwe imbere y’inama kaminuza y’abarongozi bakuru bakuru b’ishengero bo mu gihugu cose. Aha rero ntakugirira impuhwe ikinyoma kwari kuhaba. N’imiburiburi ishengero ry’i Roma ryari rigiye gutahukana intsinzi maze igikorwa c’uyo mugorozi kigahagarikwa. Uko niko abo baserukira Papa biyumvira. Iyo bashobora gushika ku ntumbero yabo, kumbure ko Yohana Wycliffe yari kwemera guheba inyigisho ziwe canke naho agasohoka muri yo sentare ata handi aja uretse mu muriro.IB 66.5

Ariko Yohana Wycliffe ntiyubahutse kwivuguruza mu vyo yanditse, nta n’ubwo yagerageje kurondera kugira ivyo yoheba kugira ngo bashobore kwumvikana n’abamurwanya. Inyigisho ziwe yarazishimangiye ata bwoba bituma yigiza inyuma ivyo abamureze bamwagiriza. Yariyibagiye, yibagira n’amabanga ajejwe hamwe n’aho ari, maze ararikira abariko baramwumviriza kurenguka imbere ya Sentare y’Imana, maze ashira ku munzane w’ukuri kw’ibihe vyose ibinyoma hamwe n’inyigisho zabo zigobetse. Ubushobozi bwa Mpwemu Yera bwarigaragaje muri ico cumba bari bakoraniyemwo. Ubushobozi bw’Imana bwafashe mpiri abari bamuteze amatwi, burabakongataza ku buryo vyaboneka nk’uko batashobora gusohoka aho hantu. Amajambo y’uwo mugorozi yari ameze nk’imyampi ivuye ku mwami ashobora vyose, yatobekeranije imitima yabo. Icagirizo c’inyigisho z'ubuhakanyi bashira imbere kugira ngo bacuririreko bamwikize ni co yabakubitishije. Yarababajije icabateye gukwiragiza hose inyigisho z’ibinyoma; icatumye basunitswe no kurondera inyungu maze bagacuruza ikigongwe c’ Imana.IB 67.1

Ubwa nyuma yarababajije ati: “Mbega mwibaza ko mugomba kwishira hejuru ya nde? Imbere y’umutama amaze gushikana ukuguru kumwe kwiwe mu mva? Oya na mba. Murondera kwishira hejuru y’ukuri. Ukuri kubarengeye kure cane kandi kuzobatsinda.”( Wylie, b. 2, ch. 13) Amaze gushikiriza ayo majambo yaciye asohoka mu cumba abantu bari bakoraniyemwo kandi nta muntu n’umwe mu bamurwanya yashoboye kumutangira.IB 67.2

Igikorwa ca Yohana Wycliffe casa nk’icamaze kurangira. Idarapo y’ukuri amaboko yiwe yari yaradugije igihe kirekire ngo ihungabane yari hafi yo kumwiyaka. Ariko yategerezwa kwongera gushingira intahe ubutumwa bwiza. Ukuri kwategerezwa kwamamazwa utanguriye mu birimba bikomeye vy’ubwami bw’ikinyoma. Yohana Wycliffe yasabwe kurenguka gusambira imbere ya Sentare ya Papa i Roma aho amaraso y’abera batari bake yari yaramenekeye. Ntiyari impumyi ngo abe yoyoberwa yuko imbere hameze nabi, kandi yari yiteze kurenguka nk’uko yari yabihimirijwe iyo adaca afatwa n’ubumuga ngo bamubuze gufata urwo rugendo. Kubera ko atari agishoboye kwumvikanisha ijwi ryiwe i Roma, yahisemwo kubikora yanditse urwete. Uwo mugorozi, aho yari muri iyo Kaminuza, yandikiye Papa ikete rirangwa n’urupfasoni hamwe n’umutima rukristo ariko ridoma urutoke ku kwikuza n’ubwibone bw’ubupapa.IB 67.3

Aya ni yo majambo yanditse: “Mu vy’ukuri, biranejereje kwatura no kubwira umuntu wese ukuri numiyeko; cane cane biranejereje kubimenyesha umwepisikopi mukuru w’i Roma. Nk’uko nzi ukuri kw’ibintu uko kumeze, uyo murongozi azogira ishaka atagoberewe n’umuntu numwe ryo kwerekana ko ukwemera kwanje gufise ishingiro canke kwubakiye ku kinyoma, maze agire ico akuvuzeko.IB 67.4

“Ubwa mbere ho ndazirikana ko ubutumwa bwa Kristo buha ikibanza ibwirizwa ry’Imana butarigabanije. Ndemera kandi ndizera ko umwepisikopi mukuru w’i Roma, kubera ko ari icariho c’lmana kw’isi, iryo tegeko rimuraba kurusha abandi bantu bose. Kubera yuko kuba mukuru mu bigishwa ba Kristo bidashingiye ku vyubahiro n’iteka ry’iyi si, ahubwo vyubakiye ku kuba hafi ya Kristo, ukamwigana udaciye ku ruhande mu buzima no mu mibereho yiwe. Aho Kristo yari ingenzi kuri iyi si, yabayeho mu bukene, yigiza kure kandi ntiyemera ko ivyubahiro vy’iyi si vyomubera urugoto.. ‘ “Nta muntu n’umwe w’umwizigirwa yogobererwa gukurikira Papa ubwiwe canke umuntu w’umweranda wese mu gihe bano batoba nabo bakurikira Kristo. Mu gihe barondera gukurikira ivyubahiro vyo mw’iyi si bihushanye no kugera ikirenge mu ca Yesu, Petero hamwe n’abahungu ba Zebedeyo, Yesu ntiyashimishijwe n’ivyo bariko barakora; ni co gituma ata muntu yobakurikira muri ayo makosa..IB 67.5

“Afatiye akarorero kuri Kristo na cane cane ku ntumwa ziwe, Papa ategerezwa kurekera ubutware bw’iyi si ababuhawe maze akaremesha mu bwizigirwa abasaseredoti bose ngo bubahirize iyo ngendo”. Nuko rero nimba muri ibi bintu navuze hoba hariho ikitari co nashikirije, niteguye guca bugufi ngo ngirwe inama kandi nkeburwe, naho vyoba bisaba ko ndahasiga ubuzima. Kandi iyaba ibintu vyagenda nk’uko ndavyipfuza canke nk’uko numva ngobererwa kubikora, nari kurenguka imbere y’umwepisikopi mukuru w’i Roma nk’uko yabisavye; ariko Umwami yarangedereye ku buryo buhushanije n’ivyo Papa asaba kandi yanyigishije ko ari vyiza kugamburukira Imana aho kugamburukira abantu.IB 68.1

Yaheraheje ikete yiwe avuga ati: “Ni muze dusenge Imana kugira ngo ikorere mu mutima w’umupapa Urban wa VI nk’uko yatanguye kubikora; kugira ngo we ubwiwe, hamwe n’abasaseredoti biwe bose babe boshobora kwigana ubuzima hamwe n’imibereho ya Kristo; kandi bashobore kuyigisha abantu nk’uko biri, maze bose hamwe bashobore, mu bwizigirwa, kugera ikirenge cabo mu ca Yesu (John Foxe, Acts and Monuments, vol. 3, pp. 49, 50).IB 68.2

Ni muri ubwo buryo Yohana Wycliffe yahishuriye umwepisikopi mukuru w’i Roma n’ibisongerezi vyiwe ukutikakisha n’uguca bugufi vya Yesu Kristo; kandi sibo bonyene yabihishuriye ahubwo yeretse abizera bose ubudasa buri hagati ya Papa n’ibisongerezi vyiwe hamwe n’Umwigisha bavuga ko babereye ivyariho.IB 68.3

Yohana Wycliffe yari yiteze ko ubuzima bwiwe buri bubangamirwe kubera ubwizigirwa bwiwe. Umwami, Papa hamwe n’Abepisikopi bari bagiye inama yo kumuzimanganya; kandi vyasa nk’uko imbere yiwe hari hasigaye amezi make maze agashikirwa n’urwashikiye abandi. Ariko rero yari afise ubutwari budahugumba. Yavuze ati: “ivyo n’ibiki muvuga vyo kurinda kuja kure kuronderayo urugori rw’ubumaratiri? Sigurira abo barongozi b’ishengero bishira hejuru inkuru nziza ya Kristo maze uzoca ubona ubumaratiri bukuzindukiye. Sinzokwigera nemera kubaho numye. Inkota ibanguriwe hejuru y’umutwe wanje ni ikoroke; ndarindiriye ko ishika” (DAubigne, b. 17, ch. 8.).IB 68.4

Ariko rero uburinzi bw’Imana bwakomeje gukingira umusuku wayo. Umuntu yahagarariye ukuri ashikamye ubuzima bwiwe bwose, yama ageramiwe ku musi ku musi, ntiyari agiye kuyongobezwa kubera urwanko rw’abansi biwe. Yohana Wycliffe ntiyari yigeze arondera kwikingira we ubwiwe, ariko Umwami niwe yari yahindutse inkinzo yiwe. Mu gihe abansi biwe bariko birya akara ko noneho bamushikiriye, Imana yamubakuye mu maboko mu kumujana aho batari kumushikira. Ari mu rusengero i Lutterwoth, agomba gutanga ingaburo yera, ubumuga bwaramuhwikiye, agwa bukumbi, maze haheze akanya gato ntiyongera guhaguruka, aracikana.IB 68.5

Imana ni yo yari yashinze Yohana Wycliffe igikorwa cayo. Yari yashize majambo y’ukuri mu kanwa kiwe maze imuronderera uburinzi kandi imuha kuramba kugira ngo ijambo ryayo rishobore gushikira abantu. Ubuzima bwiwe bwarakingiwe maze ibikorwa vyiwe birongerekana gushika aho umushinge w’igikorwa gikomeye c’Ubugorozi wari umaze kuboneka.IB 68.6

Yohana Wycliffe yahagurukijwe gukora mu gihe c’Umwiza ukomeye. Nta muntu yari yaramwitangiye imbere yashobora kurabirako ingene yotunganya igikorwa c’Ubugorozi. Yari yahagurukijwe nka Yohana Umubatizi kugira ngo arangure igikorwa kidasanzwe; yari integuza y’igihe gishasha. Ariko rero uburyo yashikirizamwo ukuri bwaranzwe n’ubumwe hamwe no kunengesera biri ku rugero abagorozi babonetse mu inyuma yiwe batashoboye kurengana; mbere bam we nta n’ubwo barushikiriye inyuma y’imyaka ijana atakiriho. Umushinge yari yashizeho wari wagutse bihagije kandi washika ibwina kure; igikorwa nyezina c’urufatiro cari ic’ukuri kandi nticanyiganyiga, ku buryo bitari bikenewe ko congera gutangurwa bundi bushasha n'ababayeho inyuma ziwe.IB 69.1

Igikorwa gihambaye Yohana Wycliffe yatanguje cari gitumbereye guha umwidegemvyo umutimanama n’ubwenge, no kubohora ibihugu vyari bimaze igihe kirekire bibohewe mu mukogote w’intsinzi ya Roma, cari gifise ihangiro muri Bibiliya. Aho niho hari isoko ico gikorwa cakuramwo inkomezi. Ryadudubiza imigisha nk’uko amazi y’ubuzima atemba, uko ibihe vyagenda bikurikirana kuva mu kinyejana ca 14. Yohana Wycliffe yemeye Ivyanditswe Vyera aravyizera nk’ihishurwa ry’ubugombe bw’Imana; ko rihagije kubera abantu urugero rwo kwizera no kwisunga mu bikorwa. Yari yarigishijwe kwama abona ishengero ry’i Roma nk’uko ari iry’Imana, rifise ubushobozi, ritihenda kandi ko yemera ukwubaha ataco arinze gusiguza inyigisho n’imigenzo ryashizeho hari haheze imyaka 1000. Ariko ivyo vyose yabiteye umugongo kugira ngo yumvirize Ijambo ryeranda ry’Imana. Ubu ni bwo bubasha bwonyene yingingira abantu kwemera. Aho uko abantu bumviriza ijwi ry’Ishengero rivugira muri Papa,Wycliffe yamenyesheje ko ubutegetsi bwonyene bw’ukuri ari ijwi ry'Imana riserukira mw’ijambo ryayo. Kandi ntiyigishije gusa yuko Bibiliya ari ihishurwa riringaniye ry’ubugombe bw’Imana ariko kandi ko Mpwemu Yera ariwe wenyene ayisobanurira abantu kandi ko iyo umuntu wese ariko yiga inyigisho zayo ategerezwa kurondera kumenya ico imusaba gukora. Uko ni ko yakuye ivyiyumviro vy’abantu kuri Papa no kw’Ishengero ry’i Roma, abitumbereza kw’ijambo ry’Imana.IB 69.2

Yohana Wycliffe yabaye umwe mu bagorozi ba rurangiranwa. Ubwenge bwiwe bwari bwagutse, ivyiyumviro vyiwe vyari bitomoye; ntiyahugumba mu gushigikira ukuri kandi yari intwari mu kuguharanira; abagorozi babayeho mu nyuma ziwe bashoboye kugera ku rugero yagezeko ni bake. Ubuzima butihumanya, umuntu kwama yakobeje mu kwiga kandi agakora, kuba inyankamugayo, kwerekana urukundo nk’urwa Kristo hamwe no kuba umwizigirwa mu gikorwa, ni vyo vyaranze abagorozi bo hambere. Kandi ivyo ntivyari bifatiye ku mwiza wariho mu vy’ubwenge canke ku gutituka kw’imico.IB 69.3

Imibereho ya Yohana Wycliffe ni igishingantahe c’ingene Ivyanditswe Vyera bitwigisha kandi bikatunagura. Bibiliya niyo yari yashikanye Yohana Wycliffe ku rugero yariko. Ishaka ryo kurondera kumenya ukuri kwahishuwe ryasubiza itoto hamwe n’inguvu impano zose yari afise. Ivyo vyatumye ubwenge bwiwe bwiyumvira bushikana kure, bitumbereza neza ivyiyumviro vyiwe kandi bituma aroranya ibintu n’ibindi. Ukwiga ijambo ry’Imana bizotuma ivyiyumviro, ibigumbagumba mbere n’ivyipfuzo bihingurwa rwose, bityororwe; kurusha ibindi vyigwa vyose umuntu yokora. Bituma umuntu adahugumba mu ntumbero afise, akihangana, akaba intwari kandi agakomera; biratyorora kamere y’umuntu kandi bigatunganya umutima. Kwiga Ivyanditswe Vyera ushizeko umwete kandi uciye bugufi bituma ubwenge bw’umntu bushikira ubundi bwenge butagira aho bugarukira kandi biramurira isi abantu bahambaye, bafise ubwenge bwama bukora, abantu b’imico myiza udashobora gushikanwako n’ibindi vyirwa. Nk’uko Umunyezaburi yabivuze “guhishurirwa amajambo yawe kuzana umuco”.(Zaburi 119:130)IB 69.4

Yohana Wycliffe amaze gupfa, inyigisho ziwe ntizaciye zizimangana. Abayoboke biwe bita abo kwa Wycliffe canke abo kwa Lollard, barakwiragiye Ubwongereza mbere baraja no mu zindi ntara ata kindi kibajanye uretse ugusangira n’abandi ubutumwa bwiza bamenye. Kubera yuko umurongozi wabo yari yabakuwemwo, abo basiguzi barongereje ishaka barakora gusumba uko vyahora kandi abantu isinzi barabitaba bakabumviriza. Abo mu miryango y’abaganwa mbere n’umupfasoni w’umwami bari mu bantu bemeye ubutuwa bwabo. Mu bibanza vyinshi bitandukanye harabayeho ihinduka rigaragara mu mibereho y’abantu kandi ibimenyetso bijanye no gusenga ibintazi vyari vyashizweho n’ubutegetsi bw’i Roma vyarakuwe mu nsengero. Ariko bidatevye, igihuhusi c’umuyaga w’agahamo carankirije ata kigongwe abo bose bahisemwo kwemera Bibiliya ngo ibabere umurongozi. Kubera kurondera gutsimbataza intwaro, abatware b’abongereza bakoze uko bashoboye kugira ngo ishengero ry’i Roma ribashigikire. Ivyo vyatumye ata mugorozi n’umwe badashorerako amaboko. Bwabaye ubwa mbere mu mateka y’ubwongereza hafatwa itegeko y’uko abamamaza inkuru nziza babafatira igihano co kubica babaturiye. Hama habaye abantu bankirizwa ubuzima ka bumaratiri. Abashingira intahe ukuri barangajwe, barakubagurwa. Uwashobora kwumviriza amarira yabo yari umwe musa: Umwami w’Isabato. Babahiga nk’abansi b’ishengero nk’uko bahiga impfyisi zasaze kandi hamwe n’ivyo bakabagiriza guhemukira igihugu. Ariko ntibahevye: babandanije gushikiriza insiguro zabo mw’ibanga; barondera agatutu mu mazu asanzwe y’abakene; mbere kenshi barashobora kwinyegeza mu myobo n’amasenga ibikoko vyabamwo.IB 70.1

N’ubwo agahamo kabica bigacika, umutima utekanye, ukwitanga, ukugira ishaka n’ukwihangana, vyakomeje kuranga abantu bahanganye n’ako gahamo; maze babera intambamyi ugutituka mu vyo ukwizera ivy’Imana, kwakomeje kugaragara mu gihe c’imyaka ibinjana bitari bike. Abo bizera bo muri ivyo bihe vya mbere bari bazi ukuri mu buryo bugereranye ariko bari baratahuye akamaro ko gukunda hamwe no kwubaha Ijambo ry’Imana; kandi barihanganira kubabazwa barihorwa. Nk’uko vyashikiye abigishwa mu misi y’intumwa, benshi barahevye ivyo bari batunze ku bwa Kristo. Ababa bemerewe kuba barabaye mu mazu baratanga indaro n’umutima mwiza bakayiha abavandimwe babo baba nabo batujijwe canke bangajwe; iyo vyashika hanyuma nabo bakabahinda, baremera kwifatanya banezerewe n’abo bene wabo bangajwe. Kubwo guterwa ubwoba n’abo bagizi ba nabi, vyarashitse abantu ibihumbi n’ibihumbagiza bakaba ukwizera kwabo kuronka umwidemvyo. Babasohora mu mabohero barimwo bambaye impuzu z’imbohe maze bakagenda kwemanga ku mugaragaro ko bisubiyeko. Ariko igitigiri kitari gito c’abantu- muri bo harimwo abo mu nda y’ingoma hamwe na nyarucari- bemangiye ukuri ata bwoba mu busho bwari mu birimba vya Lollard. Bariko barakubagugwa canke barakako n’urubeya, bahimbarwa n’uko nabo bifatanije n’Umwami “mu mibabaro yigeze gucamwo”.IB 70.2

Kubera y’uko abayoboke ba Papa, batari bashoboye kwimarira ishavu bari bafise kuri Wycliffe akiriho, bumvise babujijwe amaharo no kubandanya babona imva yiwe. Inama y’ishengero yabereye i Constance inyuma y’imyaka mirongo ine amaze gupfa, yafahe ingingo y’uko amagufa yiwe azurwa maze aturirwa ku mugaragaro; umunyota wayo waregeranijwe maze ujugunywa mu ruzi rwari hafi yaho. Umwe mu banditsi bo mu bihe vyahise yavuze ati: “ako kuzi katwaye uyo munyota mu ruzi Avoni, Avoni narwo ruwujana muri Severino, Severino narwo ruwujana mu kiyaga gito hanyuma naco kiwujana mw’ibahari”. Uko niko umunyota w’amagufa ya Yohana Wycliffe wabaye ikimenyetso c’inyigisho ziwe zakwiragiye ubu kw’isi yose (T. Fuller, Church History of Britain, b. 4, sec. 2, par. 54.). Abansi biwe ntibari batahuye kanini insiguro y’igikorwa c’ubugizi bwa nabi bari bahejeje gukora.IB 71.1

Kubera ivyo Yohana Wycliffe yanditse, Yohana Huss yamuka muri Bohemiya yiyemeje kuvavanura n’inyigisho z’ishengero ry’i Roma zitari iz’ukuri, araheza yifatanya n’igikorwa c’Ubugorozi. Huss nawe nyene yari umukristo w’intamuheba nka Wycliffe, kandi yari yarize cane, bitayeko yari yarihebeye igikorwa c’Imana atiziganije. Uko ni ko muri ibi bihugu bibiri n’ubwo vyari bitandukanye, imbuto y’ukuri yabibwe. Igikorwa cahavuye cunguruza kiva I Bohemiya gishikira n’izindi ntara. Ubwenge bw’abantu bwaratumberejwe kw’ijambo ry’Imana ryari ryarirengagijwe igihe kirekire. Hariho ukuboko kw’Imana kwariko kurategurira inzira ubugorozi buhambaye.IB 71.2