Loading...
Larger font
Smaller font
Copy
Print
Contents
Ivyizigiro Bihambaye - Contents
  • Results
  • Related
  • Featured
No results found for: "".
  • Weighted Relevancy
  • Content Sequence
  • Relevancy
  • Earliest First
  • Latest First
    Larger font
    Smaller font
    Copy
    Print
    Contents

    Ikigabane Ca 9 - Umugorozi Mu Busw1se

    Ubuhinga Imana yakoresheje mu gutoranya abantu bajejwe igikorwa c’ubugorozi mw’ishengero, bunabonekera no mu kuntu yatanguje Ishengero. Umwigisha yavuye mw’ijuru yararenganye abantu bahambaye kuri iyi si, abicaye mu bibanza vy’icubahiro hamwe n’abatunzi bari baramenyerejwe kuvugirizwa impundu no gukomerwa amashi nk’abantu baza imbere y’abandi. Babona ko bahambaye kandi bikwije kubwo kwishira hejuru kwabo ku buryo batari gukorana n’umunyanazareti yicisha bugufi. Abantu batanonosoye amashure, basanzwe ari abarovyi mu kiyaga c’i Galilaya ni bo bahamagawe babwiwe aya majambo ngo “Munkurikire, nzobagira abarovyi b’abantu.” (Matayo 4:19) Abo bigishwa bari abantu baciye bugfi kandi biteguye kwigishwa. Kubera yuko bari mu bantu inyigisho z’ibinyoma zo mu gihe cabo zitari zabagizeko ubwaku, Kristo yarashobora kubigisha bigashimwa kandi akabakoresha mu gikorwa ciwe. No mu gihe c’ubugorozi buhambaye, uko ni ko ibintu vyagenze. Ababaye imbere mu gikorwa c’ubugorozi bari abantu basanzwe uravye amamuko - abantu batari baboshwe n’ubwibone bwo kuba abakuru canke ukwikakisha kubwo amabanga y’lshengero. Umugambi w’Imana ni uko ishika ku bintu bihambaye ikoresheje abantu babayabaye. Aho rero niho icubahiro kitazohabwa abantu ariko kizohabwa uwo abashoboza gukora bagashira mu ngiro kandi bakarangura ubugombe bwayo nk’uko biyihimbara.IB 125.3

    Inyuma y’indwi zikeya Luther amaze kuvukira mu muryango w’umwimvyi w’ubutare, i Saxoni, Ulric Zwingli we yavukiye mu nzu y’umworozi yaba mu misozi Alpino. Ahantu Zwingli yavukiye hamwe n’indero yahawe kuva akiri muto, vyari nk’ivyo kumutegurira igikorwa cari kimurindiriye muri kazoza. Yakuriye mu gihugu hagati aho abona ubwiza n’ubushobozi budasanzwe bugaragarira mu bimukikije; ivyo vyatumye ubwenge bwiwe bumenyerezwa hakiri kare kubona ingene Imana ihambaye, ifise ububasha kandi ari inyacubahiro. Inkuru y’ibikorwa vy’ubuhizi vyaranguriwe muri iyo misozi yavukiyemwo vyabaye nk’itara rimumurikira kuva akiri muto. Hamwe n’ivyo kubwo gukurira iruhande ya inakuru wiwe akunda ivy’Imana, vyaramufashije kumenya inkuru z’agaciro zo muri Bibiliya. Inakuru yama yazimubwiye kandi nawe ubwiwe yari yarazisomye mu makuru no mu mateka y’lshengero. Yakiranye igishika cinshi inkuru z’abakurambere n’abahanuzi, inkuru z’abungere bari baragiye ubusho bwabo ku mitumba y’i Palestina aho abamarayika babasanze maze bakababwira ivyo umwana yavukiye i Betelehemu n’inkuru z’umuntu w’i Kaluvari.IB 126.1

    Nk’uko vyashikiye Luther, umuvyeyi wa Zwingli yipfuza ko umwana wiwe yokwiga. Yamurungitse kabiri kose aja kwigira ahandi uretse mu karere yari yavukiyemwo. Yaciye ubwenge hakiri kare, aratera imbere ku buryo havutse ikibazo co kumuronkera abigisha babushitse. Amaze imyaka cumi n’itatu bamurungitse kwigira i Berne, ahari ishure ryari rizwi neza mu mashure yose y’ico gihe yo mu Buswise.Ariko rero ivyamushikiye amaze gushika muri iryo shure, vyahatswe kubera intambamyi ivyo yabona ko afise nk’isezerano ry’ubuzima bwiwe muri kazoza. Abamonaki baramugobereye cane ngo yinjire mu muryango wabo. Abo mu muryango wa Dominika hamwe n’abo mu muryango wa Fransisiko, bararushanywa bamwe bose barondera ingene bokwikwegera ko abantu. Iryo rushanywa ryari rifatiye ku kuntu insengero zabo zitunganijwe neza, ukuntu bategura ibirori vy’agakura, ukuntu bafise ibisigi bidasanzwe biteye amatsiko vy’abantu bahambaye canke vy’ibibanza bidasanzwe, n’amasanamu y’ibitanganza vyabaye.IB 126.2

    Abo mu muryango wa Dominika w’i Bern babona yuko hamwe gusa vyoshika uwo munyeshure w’incabwenge akinjira mu muryango wabo vyari kubazanira iteka n’icubahiro. Kuba yari akiri muto cane, kuba yari afise ingabirano mu gushikiriza ijambo hamwe no kwandika, kuba yari umuhinga mu kwandika indirimbo no kuziririmba... vyari kubafasha cane bigatuma abantu benshi bitabira integuro zabo kandi n’uburyo bwabo bukaba bwokwiyongera aho kwigira abahambaye no kwiyerekana. Biyumvira yuko nibahendahenda Zwingli, bakamuryosharyosha, atazobura kwinjira mu muryango wabo. Luther ubwiwe aciga yari yariyugaraniye mu cumba c’ikigo c’abamonaki kandi isi yari kuba imuhomvye iyo ubuntu bw’Imana butahamusohora. Zwingli ntiyari arekuriwe gushikirwa n’ivyabaye kuri Luther Kubw ubuntu bw’ Imana, se wiwe yari yumvise imigambi abamonaki bamufitiye. Nta ciyumviro na kimwe yari afise co kuba yorungika umwana wiwe kubaho ubuzima bwo kurera amaboko kandi butabereye bw’abamonaki. Yabonye ko ico yomara muri kazoza kibangamiwe aca amusaba kugaruka i muhira adatevye.IB 126.3

    Zwingli yarubahirije ico se yari amusavye. Ariko nk’umuntu yari akiri umusore, ntiyari gushobora kumara igihe kirekire ari muri ako karere yavukiyemwo; haheze igihe yaciye aja kwigira i Basel. Aho ni ho Zwingli yumviye ubwa mbere na mbere ubutumwa bw’ubuntu bw’Imana. Wittembach, umwigisha w’indimi zo mu bihe vya kera, mu gihe yariko aratanga icigwa ku Giheburayo n’Ikigiriki, yifashishije Ivyanditswe Vyera; uko ni ko imishwarara y’umuco yashikiriye ubwenge bw’abarerwa yariko arigisha. Yamenyesheje icese yuko hariho ukuri kwamyeho kera, kw’agaciro gahambaye cane kuruta inyigisho zitangwa n’abigisha b’abahinga hamwe n’abantu bazi kwiyumvira. Ukwo kuri kwa kera kwari ukw’urupfu rwa Kristo ari rwo ncungu yonyene ku munyavyaha. Kuri Zwingli, aya majambo yari ameze nk’umushwarara w’umuco useruka ubura umutwenzi.IB 127.1

    Ntivyatevye Zwingli baramuhamagaye ava i Basel maze atangura gukora. Bamuhaye ubwa mbere na mbere gukorera muri paruwasi yari mu misozi ya Alpino, hafi y’amavuko. Amaze gushingwa amabanga y’ubupatiri “yaritanze n’umutima wiwe wose arondera kumenya ukuri kw’Imana”; kuko nk’uko yabivuze, “yaratahura ko ategerezwa kumenya uwashinzwe umukuku wa Kristo uwo ari we.” (Wylie, b. 8, ch. 5.) Uko yagenda arondera mu Vyanditswe ni nakwo yahishurirwa ubudasa buboneka hagati y’ukuri kuboneka muri Vyo hamwe n’ibinyoma Ishengero Gatolika ry’i Roma ryigisha. Yahisemwo kwumvira Bibiliya ijambo ry’Imana, rihagije kandi ryo bwirizwa ritihenda. Yatahuye yuko Bibiliya ari yo ubwayo yisobanura. Yaritwararitse kuba atohirahira ngo asigure Ivyanditswe atumbereye gushigikira ivyiyumviro canke inyigisho abantu baba bishiriyeho; ariko yumva yuko agoberewe kwiga neza ivyo yigisha idaciye ku ruhande. Yarondeye ubufasha bwose bwotuma atahura ku buryo bunengesereye kandi bw’ukuri insiguro yayo, kandi asaba ubufasha bwa Mpwemu Yera yo ibuhishurira abo bose baburondera bivuye ku mutima kandi basenga.IB 127.2

    “Ivyanditswe”, nk’uko Zwingli yabivuze, “vyavuye ku Mana, ntivyavuye ku muntu, mbere hamwe umuntu yomurikirwa n’ijuru yotahura yuko n’imvugo iboneka muri Vyo ari iy’lmana. Ijambo ry’Imana ...ntirishobora kunanirwa; rirakaka, ririgisha, riranyegurura, riramurikira umutima rikawuzanamwo agakiza n’ubuntu, riraremesha mu Mana, riracisha bugufi ku buryo umuntu yiyibagira maze akiyumvira Imana yonyene.” Ukuri kw’ayo majambo Zwingli aragushingira intahe. Mu nyuma ariko avuga ivyamushikiye, yanditse avuga ati: “Igihe...natangura jewe ubwanje kwitwararika Ivyanditswe, ubuhinga mu kwiyumvira hamwe n'inyigisho z’iyobokamana vyakomeje kunteza ingorane. Impera n’imperuka, ivyo nashitseko kandi nigishije ni ibi: “Ko ntegerezwa kuvavanura n’ico kinyoma maze nkiga insiguro y’Imana ata kindi nkoresheje uretse ijambo ryayo. Naciye rero ntangura gusaba Imana umuco wayo; maze Ivyanditswe Vyera bitangura kunyorohera.” (Ibid., b. 8, ch. 6.)IB 127.3

    Inyigisho Zwingli yashikirije si izo yakuye kuri Luther, zari inyigisho za Yesu. Uwo mugorozi w’umuswise yama yavuze ati: “Nimba Luther asigura Kristo, akora nk’ivyo nanje ndiko ndakora. Abo yashikanye kuri Kristo ni bo benshi gusumvya abo maze kurongora muri iyi nzira. Ariko rero ico si co gihambaye. Nta rindi zina nzokwiyitirira uretse irya Kristo, uwo mbereye umusoda, kandi ni we mutwe wanje wenyene. Nta jambo na rimwe nigeze nandikira Luther, kandi nawe ntiyigeze anyandikira. Kubera iki?...Kugira ngo bigaragarire bose ingene Mpwemu w’Imana aticamwo ibice, nk’uko bibonekera mu kuntu twese, hatarinze kubaho gukubitana amahembe, dushikiriza kumwe ivyigisho vya Kristo.” (D'Aubigne, b. 8, ch. 9.)IB 128.1

    Mu mwaka w’1596, Zwingli yaronse ubutumire bwo kuja gusigura mu kigo c’abamonaki c’i Einsiedeln. Aho ni ho yaboneye hafi amarorerwa y’Ishengero Gatolika ry’i Roma kandi ivyo ni vyo vyatumye mu nyuma inyigisho ziwe zigira ubwaku, bushika kure, burarengana n’imisozi yakuriyemwo. Kimwe mu bintu abantu birukira kuraba aho Einsiedeln cari igishusho c’inkumi bavuga ko gifise ububasha bwo gukora ibitangaro. Hejuru y’irembo ryinjira aho muri ico kigo hari handitse aya majambo akurikira: “Hano umuntu as ho bora kuharonkera imbabazi ku vyaha vyiwe vyose.” (Ibid., b. 8, ch. 5.) Ingenzi zama zaje igihe cose muri ico kibanza kuraba ico gishusho. Ariko na cane cane ku musi mukuru bari barahariye kwibuka ico gishushanyo, abantu isinzi baza bavuye mu mihingo yose y’Ubuswise, mu Bufaransa mbere no mu Budagi guhimbariza uwo musi mukuru muri ico kigo. Zwingli yaratuntujwe umutima no kubona ikoraniro ringana uko, maze aca aboneraho akaryo ko gutangariza abo bantu bari baboshwe ku bwo ukwemera ibintazi umwidegemvyo utangwa n’ubutumwa bwiza.IB 128.2

    Yashikirije aya majambo ati: “Ntwimwiyumvire yuko Imana iri muri uru rusengero kurusha ko iri ahandi hantu hose yaremye. Igihugu ico ari co cose woba ubamwo, Imana iri hafi yawe kandi irakwumva.. ..Mbega ibikorwa ataco bimaze! ingendo zirezire, amashikanwa, amasanamu, gusenga igishusho c’inkumi canke aberanda, vyoba bibaronsa ubuntu bw’Imana?... Mbega amajambo y’urutavanako tuvuga twungikanya iyo turiko turasenga adushikana kuki? Mbega umwambaro uca ibibatsi, kwikuza umushatsi, ikanzu ndende n’ibitwazi bitatse izahabu bishikana kuki?...Imana iraba mu mitima, kandi imitima yacu irikure yayo.” Yavuze ati: “Kristo yigeze igihe kimwe kwitanga ku musaraba ni we shikanwa, ni we kimazi, vyatangiwe ivyaha vy’abizera b’ibihe vyose, kandi bigashimwa.” (Ibid., b. 8, ch. 5.).IB 128.3

    Ku bantu benshi bamwumviriza, ayo majambo ntiyakiriwe neza. Bacitse intege bumva bagize ikirungurira kubwo kubwirwa ko kubona bagize urugendo rurerure ruruhisha ata karusho vyobazaniye. Ntibashobora gutahura imbabazi turonkera ubuntu muri Kristo. Inzira ya kera yo kuja mw’ijuru Ishengero Gatolika ry’i Roma ryari ryarabaciriye ni yo yabashimisha. Ntibumva biteguye kurondera inzira nziza iruta iyo. Icari kiboroheye kwari ukwizera agakiza bahawe na Patiri canke Papa aho kurondera gutunganya umutima wabo.IB 128.4

    Ariko rero hariho uwundi murwi w’abantu wakiranye akanyamuneza izo nkuru yuko Kristo ari we mucunguzi wacu. Ivyo Ishengero Gatolika ry’i Roma ryari ryarabasavye kwubahiriza ntivyari vyarabashoboje kuronka amahoro y’umutima. Rero bamaze kwumva izo nkuru barizeye, bemera ko amaraso ya Kristo yabazaniye ugucungurwa. Bariko basubira i wabo, bagiye bashiriye ababanyi babo uwo muco w’agaciro bari bakiriye. Uko niko ukuri kwahanahanywe, kukava mu kigwati kugashika mu kindi, kukava mu gisagara kugashika mu kindi maze igitigiri c’ingenzi zahora ziza gushengerera ca gishusho c’inkumi, kiragabanuka. Amashikanwa izo ngezi zahora zizana yaragabanutse bihava binagira n’ingaruka ku gahembo bahora baha Zwingli, atabaye akironka. Ariko ivyo ntivyamubabaje, ahubwo vyamuteye kunezerwa kuko yagenda abona ukwemera ibintazi no gushigikira ibintu utabanje kurimbura, bigenda bizimangana.IB 128.5

    Abarongozi bTshengero barabona igikorwa Zwingli yariko ararangura, ariko ntibashimye kugira ico bakora muri ako kanya. Bari bagifise icizere c’uko bazomukwegakwegesha amajambo asosa maze akifatanya nabo ariko mu gihe bari bakirindiriye kubikora, ukuri kwo kwariko kurigarurira imitima y’abantu.IB 129.1

    Igikorwa Zwingli yari yakoreye i Einsiedeln cari camuteguriye kuba yoshingwa amabanga akomeye mu karere kagutse. Inyuma y’ imyaka itatu ahakorera, yaciye ashingwa amabanga yo kwama asigura muri Cathedrale y’i Zurich. Iki naco ni co cari igisagara gihambaye c’intara zunze ubumwe z’igihugu c’Ubuswise kandi ubwaku yari kugira hano hantu bwari gushika kure. Abarongozi mw’ishengero bari bamuhamagaye ngo aze i Zurich, ni co gituma bihutiye kumumenyesha ibijanye n’ amabanga bamushinze.IB 129.2

    “Nta kintu utazokora”, uko ni ko bamubwiye, “kugira ngo ubutunzi bwiyongere; ntuze ugire ico wirengagiza na kimwe. Uzoremesha abizigirwa waba uri ku ruhimbi canke mu cumba co kwiregesha, kugira ngo batange ibigiracumi n’ibindi vyose bikenewe kandi berekanishe amashikanwa yabo ko bitwararika Ishengero. Uzokorana ubukerebutsi kugira ngo ishikanwa ritangwa n’abarwaye ryongerekane; iritangwa mu gihe co gusoma misa hamwe n’iritangwa muri rusangi n’umuryango wose w’abihebeye Imana mw’ishengero. Abo bariko baramushinga amabanga bongeyeko ibi bikurikira: “Ibindi bikorwa ujejwe ni ibijanye no kwubahiriza amasakaramentu, gusigura hamwe no kwitwararika umukuku. Icegera cawe kirashobora kugukorera mu ngata mu kurangura ayo mabanga, na cane cane mu gusigura. Nta bandi bantu uzoha amasakaramentu uretse abanyacubahiro kandi ivyo na vyo uzobikora ari uko babiguhamagariye. Nturekuriwe kugira ico wokora utisunze ingene abantu basumbasumbana.” (Ibid., b. 8, ch. 6.)IB 129.3

    Zwingli yarabumvirije anumye igihe bariko baramushikiriza ayo mabanga. Mu nyuma, mu kubishura, yabanje kubashimira kubwo iteka bamuteye mukumuhamagarira kuza gukorera aho hantu hahambaye. Yabandanije rero abasigurira ingendo azokwisunga mu kurangura ayo mabanga. Uku ni ko yavuze: “Ubuzima bwa Kristo bwaranyegejwe abantu igihe kirekire. Nzosigura ku gitabo cose c’Ubutumwa bwa Matayo,.. .nta handi nzovoma uretse kw’isoko ry’i vyanditswe, mfurure ibinyegejwe muri ryo, ngereranye igisomwa ku kindi, kandi ndondere gutahura ico rivuga mu kwama nitwararitse gusenga. Nzorangura igikorwa njejwe mu ntumbero yo guhesha Imana icubahiro, kuninahaza Umwana wayo w’ikinege, kubwo agakiza k’ukuri k’imitima no kubwo kuyikomereza mu kwizera nyakuri.” (Ibid., b. 8, ch. 6). Nubwo bamwe mu banyacubahiro mw’Ishengero batashimye iyo nteguro yiwe yo gukora ahubwo bakarondera kuyimutesha, Zwingli yaberetse yuko adashobora kuyivirira. Yabamenyesheje yuko ata kintu gishasha azanye mu buryo bwo gukora, ariko ko ari bwo buryo Ishengero ryari rimenyereye gukoresha kera, mu bihe vya mbere ibintu bitarononekara.IB 129.4

    Bidatevye abantu barashimishijwe n’ukuri Zwingli yigisha maze bakaza ari benshi kumwumviriza aho yaba ariko asigura. Abantu benshi bari barahevye kuza gusenga baraciye ikiziriko bagaruka mu makoraniro y’Ishengero. Amabanga yiwe yayatanguye asoma ibitabo vy’Ubutumwa bwiza, asigurira abamuteze amatwi ivy’ubuzima bwa Kristo bukora ku mitima, ivyo yigisha hamwe n’urupfu rwiwe. Nk’uko yari yarabikoze i Einsiedeln, n’i Zurich yarashikirije ko ijambo ry’Imana ari ryo tegeko ryonyene ritihenda kandi ko urupfu rwa Kristo ari co kimazi conyene gikwije ibisabwa. Yavuze ati: “Kuri Kristo, kw’isoko y’ukuri, y’agakiza, ni ho nipfuza kubarongora.” (-Ibid., b. 8, ch. 6) Abantu bo mu migwi itandukanye baragundana baje kumwumviriza, abanonosoye amategeko n’abanyeshure, abanyamwuga hamwe n’abanyagihugu, bose ni ho bari. Bakurikirana insiguro ziwe bavyishimiye cane. Ntiyamenyesheje gusa ivyo agakiza gatangirwa ubuntu, ahubwo yaraniyamirije ashimitse ibibi n’ubushirasoni vyakorwa muri ico gihe. Abantu benshi basubira mu ngo zabo bagenda bahimbaza Imana bavuga bati: “Uyu musiguzi ivyo avuga ni ukuri kwigendera. Ni we azotubera Mose, aturongore adukure mu mwiza wo muri Egiputa.” (Ibid., b. 8, ch. 6.)IB 130.1

    Nubwo yakiranywe igishika agitangura gukora, haheze igihe gito gusa, abamurwanya barahagurutse. Abamonaki bo ubwabo bigiriye inama yo kuburabuza igikorwa ca Zwingli hamwe no kurwanya inyigisho ziwe. Benshi muri bo baramutwenga kandi bakamugaya; abandi nabo bakamutyoza canke bakamutera ubwoba. Ariko ivyo vyose yaravyihanganiye maze akama yivugira ati: “Nimba twipfuza kuzana ababi kuri Kristo Yesu, dutegerezwa guhumiriza ku bintu vyinshi.” (Ibid., b. 8, ch. 6.)IB 130.2

    Muri ico gihe hariho ikintu kidasanzwe cashitse maze gituma igikorwa c’ubugorozi kirushirizaho gutera imbere. Umuntu yitwa Lusiyano yarungitswe i Zurich avuye i Bale maze azana zimwe mu nyandiko za Luther. Uwamurungikanye izo nyandiko yari amaze kuba umunywanyi w’ubugorozi; yiyumvira ko hamwe ivyo bitabo vyoba bigurishijwe, ko bwoba ari uburyo bukomeye bwofasha mu gukwiragiza hirya no hino umuco. Bandikiye Zwingli bavuga bati: “Uraraba nimba uyu Lusiyano azanye ibi bitabo ubukerebutsi n’amakenga bikwiye; ni wabona bigushimishije uce umureka akwiragize mu bisagara bitobito na binini, hamwe no mu bigwati no mu mihana, ava hamwe aja ahandi, ava ku nzu aja ku yindi, mu bantu baba mu Buswise, inyandiko za Luther na cane cane ivyo yashikirije kw’isengesho ry’Umwami wacu, ngo rimenywe n’abatari abakozi b’lshengero. Uko abantu bazogenda bamenya, ni nako bazobigura ari benshi.” (-Ibid., b. 8, ch. 6.) Uko ni ko umuco wakwiragiye.IB 130.3

    Igihe cose Imana iba yiteguye gucagagura imvuto z’ubujuju n’iz’ukwemera ibintazi. Ni co gituma Satani akorana ubushobozi kugira ngo arushirize kwugaranira abantu mu mwiza no kubaboha rwose. Mu gihe hirya no hino abantu bariko bava hasi maze bagashikiriza ubutumwa bw’imbabazi no gutsindanishirizwa kubwo amaraso ya Kristo, Ishengero Gatolika ry’i Roma ryo ryongereje inguvu, kugira ngo ryugurure isoko, aho hose bamaze kwemera inyigisho z’ubugorozi, rimenyesha ko ritanga imbabazi kuri uwo wese atanze amahera yo kuzigura.IB 130.4

    lcaha cose cari gifise igiciro caco kandi abantu bari barekuriwe no kuba bokora ikibi mu gihe gusa batokwibagira gushigikira ikigega c’Ishengero. Rero hariho ingendo zibiri zari zibangabanganye: ku ruhande rumwe hariho kubabarirwa ivyaha; vyarashoboka harinze gutangwa amahera. Ku rundi naho, imbabazi zabonerwa muri Yesu Kristo. Ishengero Gatolika ry’i Roma ryarakuyakuya icaha, ubwo ni bwo buryo ryari rifise bwo gukamisha. Abagorozi bo bariyamiriza icaha bakereka abantu Yesu Kristo we kimazi c’ukuri n’umucunguzi.IB 130.5

    Mu Budagi, urudandazwa rw’ikigongwe rwari rwashinzwe abapatiri bakukira umuryango wa Dominika, kandi rwari rurongowe n’inshirukanya yitwa Tetzel. Mu Buswise, urwo rudandazwa rwari rwashinzwe abapatiri barongowe n’umumonaki w’umutaliyano yitwa Samusoni kandi bakukira umuryango wa Fransisiko. Samusoni yari amaze kurangurira Ishengero ibikorwa ryashima bitari bike, mu kuba yaratumye isaho y’Ubupapa itubuka kubwo amafaranga yabwegeranirije mu Buswiwe no mu Budagi. Muri kino kiringo yariko aragendagenda mu Buswise, agakoranye abantu benshi baza kumwumviriza, abakene akabakiza utwo dukeya bari bafise maze abasanzwe bafise uburyo nabo akabatwara ayaboneka. Ariko kubwo ubwaku ubugorozi bwariko buragenda bugira, vyatumye urwo rudandaza rugabanuka n’aho rutahagaze burundu. Zwingli yari asanzwe ari i Einsiedeln aho Samusoni, amaze igihe gito yinjiye mu Buswise, yashitse mu gisagara cari hafi y’aho yari aje gutangurira ibikorwa vyiwe. Amaze kumenya ivyari bimuzanye, Zwingli yaciye ahaguruka kugira ngo ahagarike uwo mugambi mubi. Bompi ntabwo bigeze babonana amaso mu yandi ariko Zwingli yakoze igikorwa gishimishije mu gushira ahabona intumbero z’uwo mumonaki, ku buryo uno yaciye yihutira kuva hano aja mu kandi karere.IB 131.1

    I Zurich, Zwingli mu nsiguro ziwe, yarerekanye n’ishaka ryinshi ingene ari ibara kubona badandaza ikigongwe c’Imana. Aho Samusoni yariko yegereza gushika muri ico gisagara, yasanganiwe n’intumwa irungitswe n’inama yo muri ico gisagara ije kumubwira yuko akwiriye kurengana ntahinjire. Yahavuye akoresha amanyanga arashobora kwinjira muri ico gisagara ariko yagisohotsemwo, arungikwa ahandi ata kigonwe na kimwe agurishije. Nta gihe kin ini yahamaze, yaciye akura meza ava mu Buswise.IB 131.2

    Ubugorozi bwahavuye butera iyindi ntambwe iboneka kubera akaranda bitiriye “urupfu ruhambaye” kateye mu Buswise mu mwaka w’1519. Kubera yuko abantu bari bageramiwe n’urupfu imbere yabo, benshi barabona yuko bataye umwanya bagura ikigongwe ataco cabamariye. Rero bipfuza ko ukwizera kwabo kwokwubakira ku mushinge w’ukuri. I Zurich, Zwingli yagiye ku musego kubera ico kiza. Yaragwaye arasinzikara, ku buryo ivyizigiro vy’uko azokworoherwa vyari vyakamanganye; kandi inkuru zaciye zikwirakwizwa hose ko yapfuye. Muri ayo masaha yo kugeragezwa, ivyizigiro n’ishaka ryiwe ntivyahungabanye. Umusaraba w’i Kaluvari waremesheje ivyizigiro vyiwe, atahura ko ikimazi ca Kristo cari gikwije ibisabwa kugira ngo atubere incungu y’ivyaha. Amaze ku rusimba akoroherwa, yongeye gusigura ubutumwa bwiza afise ishaka riruta iryo yahorana; kandi amajambo yiwe yari indemeshanyo yuzuye ubushobozi bwinshi. Abantu bakiranye umunezero umwungere wabo bakunda yari amaze ku rusimba. Kubera ko nabo ubwabo bari baciye mu bihe vy’amageragezwa bakabona abantu ku misego basinzikaye canke bariko baracikana, vyatumye batahura kuruta uko vyahora akamaro k’ubutumwa bwiza.IB 131.3

    Zwingli yari yashitse aho atahura neza ukuri kw’ivyo yigisha kandi yari yashikiwe ku buryo bwuzuye n’ubushobozi butyorora umuntu bukamuhindura. Ukugwa kw’umuntu hamwe n’umugambi w’agakiza ni vyo bintu yakunda gusigurako. “Muri Adamu”, ni ko yakunda kuvuga, “twese twarapfuye, twaraguye mu caha kandi ducirirwako iteka” (Wylie, b. 8, ch. 9.) Kristo.. .yaraducunguye ku buryo budasubirwako.... Ikimuraje ishinga... ni ukuba ico kimazi catangiwe ibihe vyose kandi kituzanira agakiza. Ico kimazi gituma ubutungane bw'Imana bwubahirizwa kuri abo bose bizigira ubushobozi bwaco, bafise ukwizera gushimitse kandi kudahugumba.” Hamwe n’ivyo yarigisha agatomora yuko kubera ubuntu bwa Kristo, abantu batarekuriwe kubandanya bacumura. “Aho hose hari ukwizera Imana, aho ni ho Imana iri; kandi aho hose Imana yagerereye, hariho ishaka ryinginga kandi risunikira umuntu gukora ivyiza.” (DAubigne, b. 8, ch. 9)IB 132.1

    Ivyo ni vyo bintu Zwingli yama yashize imbere mu nsiguro ziwe, ku buryo abantu bama buzuye urusengero kuko basidukana n’iyonka bakaza kumwumviriza. Buhoro buhoro, nk’uko bashobora kuvyakira, Zwingli yatumye abantu bamwumviriza bamenya ukuri. Yama afise umwitwarariko kugira ngo ubwa mbere na mbere ntashikirize ibintu vyari gutuma bacika intege maze igikorwa kikahasinzikarira. Ico yari ajejwe kwari ukugarukana imitima yabo ku nyigisho za Kristo, kuyorohesha urukundo rwiwe, no kubereka akarorero kiwe. Mu gihe bari kwakira ingingo ntabanduka z’ubutumwa bwiza, nta gukeranya, ivyo bemera kandi bakora mu butamenya vyari gusendwa.IB 132.2

    Intambuko ku ntambuko, ubugorozi bwarateye imbere mu gisagara ca Zurich. Abansi b’ubugorozi babonye ko bageramiwe maze bava hasi baraburwanya. Hari haheze umwaka, umumonaki w’i Wittemberg, n’inguvu nyinshi, abwiye Papa hamwe n’umwami w’abami, i Worms ati “Kirazira”. Rero ivyariko birashika i Zurich vyabura imyifato isa n’iyo ku vyo ubupapa bwifuza. Zwingli baramuteye bikurikiranya. Mu turere twari tukiri musi y’ukuboko kw’Ishengero Gatolika ry’i Roma, rimwe na rimwe abigisha b’ubutumwa bwiza barabazirikira ku biti bakabaturira. Ariko ivyo ntivyari bihagije. Hategerezwa gukorwa ibishoboka vyose kugira ngo uwo wese yigisha “Ukwo kuri gushasha”, bamubuze kuvuga, anume. Ni muri ubwo buryo umwepisikopi w’i Constance yarungika i Zurich abamuserukira batatu, kugira ngo bagirize Zwingli imbere y’inama y’igihugu ko yigisha abantu kutubahiriza amategeko y’lshengero, kandi ko ivyo bibangamira amahoro n’umubano mwiza mu bantu. Yavuze yuko igihe ubutegetsi bw’Ishengero bwokengerwa bugakumirwa, hoca haba akajagari kw’isi yose. Zwingli yabishuye amaze imyaka ine yigisha ubutumwa bwiza i Zurich, kandi ko “ari co gisagara gitekanye kandi kirangwamwo amahoro gusumvya ibisagara vyose vyo muri ico gihugu.” Yaciye rero ababaza ati: “Ntimubona yuko ubukristo ari wo muti urama w’umutekano muri rusangi?” (Wylie, b. 8, ch. 11) IB 132.3

    Izo ntumwa z’uwo mwepisikopi w’i Constance zinginze abajenama ko badakwiriye kwitandukanya n’Ishengero, kuko bivugwa ko hanze y’Ishengero ata gakiza kariyo. Zwingli yishuye avuga ati: “Ntimwemerere ikirego nk’iki ko kibahungabanya. Ihangiro ry’Ishengero ni igitandara kimwe, ni Kristo, umwe yita Petero izina kuko yamushingiye intahe mu bwizigirwa. Mu mahanga yose, uwo wese yizera n’umutima wiwe wose Yesu Kristo, Imana iramwemera. Mu vyo ukuri, aha ni ho hari Ishengero uwoba ari hanze yaryo adashobora gukizwa.” (D'Aubigne, London ed., b. 8, ch. 11) Iyo nama yaheze umwe muri abo bantu batatu bari baserukiye umwepisikopi yakiriye inyigisho z’Ubugorozi.IB 132.4

    Iyo nama ntiyashimye kugira ingingo yofatira Zwingli. Ivyo vyatumye Ishengero Gatolika ry’i Roma ryitegurira ingene ryomutera bundi bushasha. Zwingli amaze kuburirwa ku migambi mibi abansi biwe bari bamufitiye, yamenyesheje icese ati: “Ni mubareke baze, sindabatinya nk’uko n’igitandara kidatinya imikuba y’amazi igisenyeranirako.” (Wylie, b. 8, ch. 11.) Utwigoro twose tw’abo barongozi b’lshengero ico twashoboye gushikako ni uguteza imbere umugambi bari bahagurukiye kurwanya. Ukuri kwakomeje gukwiragira hose. Mu Budagi, aho abayobotse Ubugorozi bari bamaze kudendebukirwa kubera ko Luther atari akiboneka, bararemye babonye Ubugorozi buriko buratera imbere mu Buswise.IB 133.1

    Uko Ubugorozi bwagenda butsimbatara mu gisagara ca Zurich, ivyamwa vyabwo vyagenda bigaragarira abantu kubera ukugabanuka kw’ubukozi bw’ikibi hamwe n’ugushirwa imbere kw'umutekano n’umwumvikano mu bantu. Zwingli yanditse avuga ati: “Amahoro yagereye mu gisagara cacu, nta mitongano, nta buryarya, nta kwipfuza, nta migumuko. Umwuzuzo nk’uwo hari ahandi hantu wova uretse ku Mwami no ku nyigisho dufise ziduhunda ivyamwa vy’amahoro n’ubweranda?” (Ibid., b. 8, ch. 15.)IB 133.2

    Kubera ukuntu Ubugorozi bwariko buragenda butera imbere, abayoboke b’ubutegetsi bw’Ishengero Gatolika i Roma barushirijeho kwumva bagoberewe ku burwanya no ku buzimanganya. Bamaze kubona ko ata kintu kinini bashitseko mu kurandura igikorwa ca Luther mu Budagi, bafashe ingingo yo kurwanya Ubugorozi bakoresheje ibirwanisho vyabwo nyene. Bigiriye inama yo guharira na Zwingli. Bamaze kwumvikana ivyo kuzoharirako, bategerezwa kurondera ukuntu batahukana intsinzi mu kuba bitoranirije bo ubwabo ikibanza co guhaririramwo, n’abacamanza bizigiye bari gutegura ngo baje hagati y’abaharira. Iyo vyari gushika gusa Zwingli bakamugirako ubushobozi, bari gukora uko bashoboye kugira ngo ntabacike. Hamwe bari kuba bashoboye kubuza umurongozi w’ubugorozi kuvuga, n’igikorwa c’ubugorozi cari kuzimangana bidatevye. Iyo ntumbero yabo bayigize ibanga rikomeye.IB 133.3

    Bumvikanye yuko ikibanza bari guhuriramwo cari kuba i Baden ariko Zwingli ntiyashoboye kujayo. Inama y’i Zurich kubwo guterwa amakenga n’imigambi y’abayoboke ba Papa, bafatiye ku kuntu mu turere twari mu maboko y’Ishengero Gatolika ry’i Roma hariko harategurwa ibibanza vyo gutuririramwo abo bose bashingira intahe ubutumwa bwiza, ntibakundiye umupasitori wabo ko yokwigerezako. Abantu bose bashigikiye ubupapa Roma yari kurungika i Zurich bari guhura na we; ariko kuja i Baden, ahantu hari hamaze kumenekera amaraso y’abamaratiri, vyangana n’ukwisuka mu rupfu. Oecolampadius na Haller nibo batowe kugira ngo baserukire Ubugorozi, naho Ishengero Gatolika ry’i Roma ryari ryaserukiwe na Dr. Eck, yari ashigikiwe n’igitero c’abahinga mu vyo ubumenyi hamwe n’abarongozi bakuru mw1 Ishengero.IB 133.4

    Nubwo Zwingli atari yitavye iyo nama ariko yarayizigako ubwaku. Abanyamabanga b’iyo nama bose bari batowe n’abanywanyi b’ubupapa. Ni bo bonyene bari barekuriwe gufata ivyegeranyo; uwundi wese yari kubikora yari kuba ariko yikwegerako amagorwa canke urupfu. Ariko ivyo ntivyabujije Zwingli ko yama yashikirijwe icegeranyo co kwizigirwa c’ivyaba vyavuzwe ku musi ku musi. Mu bari bitavye iyo nama harimwo umunyeshure yama yagize icegeranyo, ku mugoroba, c’ingingo baba bashikirije. Abandi banyeshure babiri bari bajejwe kujana ico cegeranyo kiri kumwe n’amakete ya Oecolampadius yarungikira Zwingli i Zurich, ku musi ku musi. Zwingli yama yishuye ayo makete, agatanga impanuro hamwe n’ivyiyumviro bokwisunga. Amakete yo kubishura yayandika mw’ijoro maze abo banyeshure bagasubira i Baden mu mutwenzi hakiri kare. Kugira ngo biyoberanye ku barinzi bo kw’irembo ry’igisagara ntibabice n’ikanda, izo ntumwa zarengana zikoreye ibisamba birimwo imiswi y’inkoko; ivyo vyatuma babareka bakarengana ata ngorane.IB 133.5

    Uko ni ko Zwingli yahanganye n’abamurwanya. Myconius yamwanditseko aya majambo. “Yakoze ibintu bihambaye, mu kwiherera yiyumvira, mu kurara amajoro ataryamye, no ku nama yarungitse i Baden; kuruta uko yari kuba ari we nyene ariko araharira ari hagati y’abandi biwe.” (D'Aubigne, b. 11, ch. 13.)IB 134.1

    Abayoboke ba Papa kuko bari biteze intsinzi bari baje i Baden binibanibiye mu ma kanzu y’igiciro gihambaye kandi bambaye n’imigufu. Bari bakiranywe icubahiro, babicarika imbere y’amameza ariko imfungurwa zidasanzwe n’imivinyu yo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Umutwaro w’amabanga yabo ya Ekleziya bawiremuruza imisi mikuru hamwe n’amazimano. Bari batandukanye n’abagorozi ku buryo bubonekera ijisho; baboneka imbere y’abantu ko bari musi y’abasabiriza, musi y’abatafise ico bihereza, bahisemwo ubuzima bwo kwiyima. Uwari yahaye indaro Oecolampadius yama yamugenjejeko ijisho aho yari mu cumba, agasanga yama ariko arasoma canke arasenga. Vyaramutangaje cane maze amenyesha abandi yuko “Uyo muyoboke w’inyigisho idasanzwe akunda cane ivy’Imana.”IB 134.2

    Mu gihe inama yari ikoranye, “Eck yafashe ikibanza ku ruhimbi rwatatswe neza, naho Oecolampadius ari mu mwambaro ubayabaye, yari yicaye ku ntebe isanzwe, barabana amaso mu yandi.”( Ibid., b. 11, ch. 13.) Ijwi rya Dr. Eck ryarumvikana kandi yari afise ivyizigiro yishimikije. Ishaka yerekana ryasunikwa n’uko yari yiteze kuronswa izahabu n’icubahiro; kuko uwemangira ukwizera gatolika akaguhagararira bimwe biboneka yategerezwa gushimirwa ku buryo budasanzwe. Rero iyo vyashika ingingo yari yubatseko zikamuherana, yaca yandukira gutukana hamwe no kuvumana.IB 134.3

    Oecolampadius yari umuntu acishije make kandi avuga gake. Ntiyari yihutiye kwemera kuba yogira uruhara muri ukwo guhanra. Yahavuye yemera ariko abanje kumenyesha icese ati “Nta wundi mushinge w’ubutungane n’ukwizera nemera uretse ijambo ry’Imana.” (Ibid., b. 11, ch. 13.) Nubwo yari umuntu w’umutima mwiza kandi ashikirana, yerekanye ko ari umuhinga mu bumenyi kandi ko atari uwo guta mu nda nsa ngo umukureko ijambo. Mu gihe abayoboke ba Papa, ukurikije ivyo bipfuza, bahamagarira abantu bose kwubahiriza imigenzo y’Ishengero, Occalampadius we yifatanya ashimitse n’lvyanditswe Vyera. Yavuze ati: “Imigenzo nta nguvu ifise mu Buswise kiretse gusa igihe yoba yisunze ibwirizwa nshingiro; kira noneho, mu bijanye n’ukwizera, Bibiliya ni yo bwiriza nshingiro ryacu.” (Ibid., b. 11, ch. 13.)IB 134.4

    Ubudasa hagati y’iyo mirwi ibiri y’abantu bariko baraharira ntibwabujije kugira ubwaku ku bantu bariko barabakurikirana. Ingene Oecolampadius yashikirije ivyiyumviro vyiwe ku buryo bwumvikana, yiyohereje kandi atekereje, mu burwaneza, vyarakoze ku mitima y’abamwumviriza bahavuye batera umugongo amajambo yarimwo ivyiyumviro vyo hejuru kandi y’ubwishime ya Dr. Eck.IB 134.5

    Uguharira kwarabandanije kumara imisi icumi n’umunani. Mu gihe bari bahejeje guharira, abayoboke ba Papa barishigikiye bemeza ko ari bo barushije abandi. Benshi mu bari baserukiye abandi muri iyo nama bafatanije n’lshengero Gatolika ry’i Roma maze haca hasohorwa ingingo y’uko abagorozi barushijwe kandi ko hamwe n’umurongozi wabo Zwingli, baciwe mw’Ishengero. Ariko rero, ivyamwa vyabonetse kubera iyo nama vyarerekanye uruhande intsinzi yegamiyeko. Ukwo guharira kwatumye Ubugorozi buronswa inguvu zidasanzwe zo kubusunika; kandi ata gihe kinini kihaciye, iyo nama imaze guhera, ibisagara vya Bern na Bale, vyaremeye icese inyigisho z’Ubugorozi.IB 135.1

    Larger font
    Smaller font
    Copy
    Print
    Contents