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Noah Webster’s 1828 Dictionary - Contents
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    ENCROACHER — ENFORCING

    ENCROACHER, n. One who enters on and takes possession of what is not his own, by gradual steps.

    1. One who makes gradual advances beyond his rights.NWAD ENCROACHER.2

    ENCROACHING, ppr. Entering on and taking possession of what belongs to another.

    ENCROACHING, a. Tending or apt to encroach.

    The encroaching spirit of power.NWAD ENCROACHING.3

    ENCROACHINGLY, adv. By way of encroachment.

    ENCROACHMENT, n. The entering gradually on the rights or possessions of another, and taking possession; unlawful intrusion; advance into the territories or jurisdiction of another, by silent means, or without right.

    1. That which is taken by encroaching on another.NWAD ENCROACHMENT.2

    2. In law, if a tenant owes two shillings rent service to the lord, and the lord takes three, it is an encroachment.NWAD ENCROACHMENT.3

    ENCRUST, v.t. To cover with a crust. It is written also incrust.

    ENCUMBER, v.t.

    1. To load; to clog; to impede motion with a load, burden or any thing inconvenient to the limbs; to render motion or operation difficult or laborious.NWAD ENCUMBER.2

    2. To embarrass; to perplex; to obstruct.NWAD ENCUMBER.3

    3. To load with debts; as, an estate is encumbered with mortgages, or with a widow’s dower.NWAD ENCUMBER.4

    ENCUMBERED, pp. Loaded; impeded in motion or operation, by a burden or difficulties; loaded with debts.

    ENCUMBERING, ppr. Loading; clogging; rendering motion or operation difficult; loading with debts.

    ENCUMBRANCE, n. A load; any thing that impedes motion, or renders it difficult and laborious; clog; impediment.

    1. Useless addition or load.NWAD ENCUMBRANCE.2

    Strip from the branching Alps their piny load,NWAD ENCUMBRANCE.3

    The huge encumbrance of horrific wood.NWAD ENCUMBRANCE.4

    2. Load or burden on an estate; a legal claim on an estate, for the discharge of which the estate is liable.NWAD ENCUMBRANCE.5

    ENCYCLICAL, a. [Gr. a circle.] Circular; sent to many persons or places; intended for many, or for a whole order of men. [This word is not used. We now use circular.]

    ENCYCLOPEDIA, ENCYCLOPEDY, n. [Gr. in, a circle, and instruction; instruction in a circle, or circle of instruction.]

    The circle of sciences; a general system of instruction or knowledge. More particularly, a collection of the principal facts, principles and discoveries, in all branches of science and the arts, digested under proper titles and arranged in alphabetical order; as the French Encyclopedia; the Encyclopedia Britannica.NWAD ENCYCLOPEDIA.2

    ENCYCLOPEDIAN, a. Embracing the whole circle of learning.

    ENCYCLOPEDIST, n. The compiler of an Encyclopedia, or one who assists in such compilation.

    ENCYSTED, a. [from cyst.] Inclosed in a bag, bladder or vesicle; as an encysted tumor.

    END, n.

    1. The extreme point of a line, or of anything that has more length than breadth; as the end of a house; the end of a table; the end of a finger; the end of a chain or rope. When bodies or figures have equal dimensions, or equal length and breadth, the extremities are called sides.NWAD END.2

    2. The extremity or last part, in general; the close or conclusion, applied to time.NWAD END.3

    At the end of two months, she returned. Judges 11:39.NWAD END.4

    3. The conclusion or cessation of an action.NWAD END.5

    Of the increase of his government there shall be no end. Isaiah 9:7.NWAD END.6

    4. The close or conclusion; as the end of a chapter.NWAD END.7

    5. Ultimate state or condition; final doom.NWAD END.8

    Mark the perfect man, and behold the upright, for the end of that man is peace. Psalm 37:37.NWAD END.9

    6. The point beyond which no progression can be made.NWAD END.10

    They reel to and fro, and stagger like a drunken man, and are at their wit’s end. Psalm 107:27.NWAD END.11

    7. Final determination; conclusion of debate or deliberation.NWAD END.12

    My guilt be on my head and there’s an end!NWAD END.13

    8. Close of life; death; decease.NWAD END.14

    Unblamed through life, lamented in thy end.NWAD END.15

    9. Cessation; period; close of a particular state of things; as the end of the world.NWAD END.16

    10. Limit; termination.NWAD END.17

    There is no end of the store. Nahum 2:9.NWAD END.18

    11. Destruction. Amos 8:2.NWAD END.19

    The end of all flesh is come. Genesis 6:13.NWAD END.20

    12. Cause of death; a destroyer.NWAD END.21

    And awardNWAD END.22

    Either of you to be the other’s end.NWAD END.23

    13. Consequence; issue; result; conclusive event; conclusion.NWAD END.24

    The end of these things is death. Romans 6:21.NWAD END.25

    14. A fragment or broken piece.NWAD END.26

    Old odd ends.NWAD END.27

    15. The ultimate point or thing at which one aims or directs his views; the object intended to be reached or accomplished by any action or scheme; purpose intended; scope; aim; drift; as private ends; public ends.NWAD END.28

    Two things I shall propound to you, as ends.NWAD END.29

    The end of the commandments is charity. 1 Timothy 1:5.NWAD END.30

    A right to the end, implies a right to the means necessary for attaining it.NWAD END.31

    16. An end, for on end, upright; erect; as, his hair stands an end.NWAD END.32

    17. The ends of the earth, in scripture, are the remotest parts of the earth, or the inhabitants of those parts.NWAD END.33

    END, v.t. To finish; to close; to conclude; to terminate; as, to end a controversy; to end a war.

    On the seventh day God ended his work. Genesis 2:2.NWAD END.35

    1. To destroy; to put to death.NWAD END.36

    King Harry, thy sword hath ended him.NWAD END.37

    END, v.i. To come to the ultimate point; to be finished; as, a voyage ends by the return of a ship.

    1. To terminate; to close; to conclude. The discourse ends with impressive words.NWAD END.39

    2. To cease; to come to a close. Winter ends in March, and summer in September. A good like ends in peace.NWAD END.40

    END-ALL, n. Final close. [Not used.]

    ENDAMAGE, v.t. [from damage.] To bring loss or damage to; to harm; to injure; to mischief; to prejudice.

    The trial hath endamaged thee no way.NWAD ENDAMAGE.2

    So thou shalt endamage the revenue of the kings. Ezra 4:13.NWAD ENDAMAGE.3

    ENDAMAGED, pp. Harmed; injured.

    ENDAMAGEMENT, n. Damage; loss; injury.

    ENDAMAGING, ppr. Harming; injuring.

    ENDANGER, v.t. [from danger.] To put in hazard; to bring into danger or peril; to expose to loss or injury. We dread any thing that endangers our life, our peace or our happiness.

    1. To incur the hazard of. [Unusual.]NWAD ENDANGER.2

    ENDANGERED, pp. Exposed to loss or injury.

    ENDANGERING, ppr. Putting in hazard; exposing to loss or injury.

    ENDANGERING, n. Injury; damage.

    ENDANGERMENT, n. Hazard; danger.

    ENDEAR, v.t. [from dear.] To make dear; to make more beloved. The distress of a friend endears him to us, by exciting our sympathy.

    1. To raise the price. [Not in use.]NWAD ENDEAR.2

    ENDEARED, pp. Rendered dear, beloved, or more beloved.

    ENDEARING, ppr. Making dear or more beloved.

    ENDEARMENT, n. The cause of love; that which excites or increases affection, particularly that which excites tenderness of affection.

    Her first endearments twining round the soul.NWAD ENDEARMENT.2

    1. The state of being beloved; tender affection.NWAD ENDEARMENT.3

    ENDEAVOR, n. endev’or. An effort; an essay; an attempt; an exertion of physical strength, or the intellectual powers, towards the attainment of an object.

    The bold and sufficient pursue their game with more passion, endeavor and application, and therefore often succeed.NWAD ENDEAVOR.2

    Imitation is the endeavor of a later poet to write like one who has written before him on the same subject.NWAD ENDEAVOR.3

    Labor is a continued endeavor, or a succession of endeavors.NWAD ENDEAVOR.4

    ENDEAVOR, v.i. endev’or. To exert physical strength or intellectual power, for the accomplishment of an object; to try; to essay; to attempt. In a race, each man endeavors to outstrip his antagonist. A poet may endeavor to rival Homer, but without success. It is followed by after before a noun; as, the christian endeavors after more strict conformity to the example of Christ.

    1. v.t. To attempt to gain; to try to effect.NWAD ENDEAVOR.6

    It is our duty to endeavor the recovery of these beneficial subjects.NWAD ENDEAVOR.7

    ENDEAVORED, pp. Essayed; attempted.

    ENDEAVORER, n. One who makes an effort or attempt.

    ENDEAVORING, ppr. Making an effort or efforts; striving; essaying; attempting.

    ENDECAGON, n. A plain figure of eleven sides and angles.

    ENDEICTIC, a. [Gr. to show.] Showing; exhibiting. An endeictic dialogue, in the Platonic philosophy, is one which exhibits a specimen of skill.

    ENDEMIC, ENDEMICAL

    ENDEMIAL, a. [Gr. people.] Peculiar to a people or nation. An endemic disease, is one to which the inhabitants of a particular country are peculiarly subject, and which, for that reason, may be supposed to proceed from local causes, as bad air or water. The epithet is also applied to a disease which prevails in a particular season, chiefly or wholly in a particular place.

    ENDENIZE, v.t. To make free; to naturalize; to admit to the privileges of a denizen. [Little used.]

    ENDENIZEN, v.t. [from denizen.] To naturalize.

    ENDICT, ENDICTMENT. [See Indict, Indictment.]

    ENDING, ppr. [from end.] Terminating; closing; concluding.

    ENDING, n. Termination; conclusion.

    1. In grammar, the terminating syllable or letter of a word.NWAD ENDING.3

    ENDITE. [See Indite.]

    ENDIVE, n. [L. intybum.] A species of plant, of the genus Cichorium or succory; used as a salad.

    ENDLESS, a. [See End.] Without end; having no end or conclusion; applied to length, and to duration; as an endless line; endless progression; endless duration; endless bliss.

    1. Perpetual; incessant; continual; as endless praise; endless clamor.NWAD ENDLESS.2

    ENDLESSLY, adv. Without end or termination; as, to extend a line endlessly.

    1. Incessantly; perpetually; continually.NWAD ENDLESSLY.2

    ENDLESSNESS, n. Extension without end or limit.

    1. Perpetuity; endless duration.NWAD ENDLESSNESS.2

    ENDLONG, adv. In a line; with the end forward. [Little used.]

    ENDOCTRINE, v.t. To teach; to indoctrinate. [See the latter word.]

    ENDORSE, ENDORSEMENT. [See Indorse, Indorsement.]

    ENDOSS, v.t. To engrave or carve.

    ENDOW, v.t. [L. dos, doto, or a different Celtic root.]

    1. To furnish with a portion of goods or estate, called dower; to settle a dower on, as on a married woman or widow.NWAD ENDOW.2

    A wife is by law entitled to be endowed of all lands and tenements, of which her husband was seized in fee simple or fee tail during the coverture.NWAD ENDOW.3

    2. To settle on, as a permanent provision; to furnish with a permanent fund of property; as, to endow a church; to endow a college with a fund to support a professor.NWAD ENDOW.4

    3. To enrich or furnish with any gift, quality or faculty; to indue. Man is endowed by his maker with reason.NWAD ENDOW.5

    ENDOWED, pp. Furnished with a portion of estate; having dower settled on; supplied with a permanent fund; indued.

    ENDOWING, ppr. Settling a dower on; furnishing with a permanent fund; inducing.

    ENDOWMENT, n. The act of settling dower on a woman, or of settling a fund or permanent provision for the support of a parson or vicar, or of a professor, etc.

    1. That which is bestowed or settled on; property, fund or revenue permanently appropriated to any object; as the endowments of a church, of a hospital, or of a college.NWAD ENDOWMENT.2

    2. That which is given or bestowed on the person or mind by the creator; gift of nature; any quality or faculty bestowed by the Creator. Natural activity of limbs is an endowment of the body; natural vigor of intellect is an endowment of the mind. Chatham and Burke, in Great Britain, and Jan, Ellsworth and Hamilton, in America, possessed uncommon endowments of mind.NWAD ENDOWMENT.3

    ENDRUDGE, v.t. endruj’. To make a drudge or slave. [Not used.]

    ENDUE, v.t. [L. induo.] To indue, which see.

    ENDURABLE, a. That can be borne or suffered.

    ENDURANCE, n. [See Endure.] Continuance; a state of lasting or duration; lastingness.

    1. A bearing or suffering; a continuing under pain or distress without resistance, or without sinking or yielding to the pressure; sufferance; patience.NWAD ENDURANCE.2

    Their fortitude was most admirable in their presence and endurance of all evils, of pain, and of death.NWAD ENDURANCE.3

    2. Delay; a waiting for. [Not used.]NWAD ENDURANCE.4

    ENDURE, v.t. [L. durus, duro.]

    1. To last; to continue in the same state without perishing; to remain; to abide.NWAD ENDURE.2

    The Lord shall endure forever. Psalm 9:7.NWAD ENDURE.3

    He shall hold it [his house] fast, but it shall not endure. Job 8:15.NWAD ENDURE.4

    2. To bear; to brook; to suffer without resistance, or without yielding.NWAD ENDURE.5

    How can I endure to see the evil that shall come to my people? Esther 8:6.NWAD ENDURE.6

    Can thy heart endure, or thy hands be strong? Ezekiel 22:14.NWAD ENDURE.7

    ENDURE, v.t. To bear; to sustain; to support without breaking or yielding to force or pressure. Metals endure a certain degree of heat without melting.

    Both were of shining steel, and wrought so pure.NWAD ENDURE.9

    As might the strokes of two such arms endure.NWAD ENDURE.10

    1. To bear with patience; to bear without opposition or sinking under the pressure.NWAD ENDURE.11

    Therefore, I endure all things for the elect’s sake. 2 Timothy 2:10.NWAD ENDURE.12

    If ye endure chastening, God dealeth with you as with sons. Hebrews 12:7.NWAD ENDURE.13

    2. To undergo; to sustain.NWAD ENDURE.14

    I wish to die, yet dare not death endure.NWAD ENDURE.15

    3. To continue in. [Not used.]NWAD ENDURE.16

    ENDURED, pp. Borne; suffered; sustained.

    ENDURER, n. One who bears, suffers or sustains.

    1. He or that which continues long.NWAD ENDURER.2

    ENDURING, ppr. Lasting; continuing without perishing; bearing; sustaining; supporting with patience, or without opposition or yielding.

    1. Lasting long; permanent.NWAD ENDURING.2

    ENDWISE, adv. On the end; erectly; in an upright position.

    1. With the end forward.NWAD ENDWISE.2

    ENECATE, v.t. [L. eneco.] To kill. [Not in use.]

    ENEID, n. [L. Eneis.] A heroic poem, written by Virgil, in which Eneas is the hero.

    ENEMY, n. [L. inimicus.]

    1. A foe; an adversary. A private enemy is one who hates another and wishes him injury, or attempts to do him injury to gratify his own malice or ill will. A public enemy or foe, is one who belongs to a nation or party, at war with another.NWAD ENEMY.2

    I say to you, love your enemies. Matthew 5:44.NWAD ENEMY.3

    Enemies in war; in peace friends.NWAD ENEMY.4

    2. One who hates or dislikes; as an enemy to truth or falsehood.NWAD ENEMY.5

    3. In theology, and by way of eminence, the enemy is the Devil; the archfiend.NWAD ENEMY.6

    4. In military affairs, the opposing army or naval force in war, is called the enemy.NWAD ENEMY.7

    ENERGETIC, ENERGETICAL, a. [Gr. work. See Energy.]

    1. Operating with force, vigor and effect; forcible; powerful; efficacious. We say, the public safety required energetic measures. The vicious inclinations of men can be restrained only by energetic laws. [Energic is not used.]NWAD ENERGETIC.2

    2. Moving; working; active; operative. We must conceive of God as a Being eternally energetic.NWAD ENERGETIC.3

    ENERGETICALLY, adv. With force and vigor; with energy and effect.

    ENERGIZE, v.i. [from energy.] To act with force; to operate with vigor; to act in producing an effect.

    ENERGIZE, v.t. To give strength or force to; to give active vigor to.

    ENERGIZED, pp. Invigorated.

    ENERGIZER, n. He or that which gives energy; he or that which acts in producing an effect.

    ENERGIZING, ppr. Giving energy, force or vigor; acting with force.

    ENERGY, n. [Gr. work.]

    1. Internal or inherent power; the power of operating, whether exerted or not; as men possessing energies sometimes suffer them to lie inactive. Danger will rouse the dormant energies of our natures into action.NWAD ENERGY.2

    2. Power exerted; vigorous operation; force; vigor. God, by his Almighty energy, called the universe into existence. The administration of the laws requires energy in the magistrate.NWAD ENERGY.3

    3. Effectual operation; efficacy; strength or force producing the effect.NWAD ENERGY.4

    Beg the blessed Jesus to give an energy to your imperfect prayers, by his most powerful intercession.NWAD ENERGY.5

    4. Strength of expression; force of utterance; life; spirit; emphasis. The language of Lord Chatham is remarkable for its energy.NWAD ENERGY.6

    ENERVATE, a. [infra.] Weakened; weak; without strength or force.

    1. To deprive of nerve, force or strength; to weaken; to render feeble. Idleness and voluptuous indulgences enervate the body. Vices and luxury enervate the strength of state.NWAD ENERVATE.2

    2. To cut the nerves; as, to enervate a horse.NWAD ENERVATE.3

    ENERVATED, pp. Weakened; enfeebled; emasculated.

    ENERVATING, ppr. Depriving of strength, force or vigor; weakening; enfeebling.

    ENERVATION, n. The act of weakening, or reducing strength.

    1. The state of being weakened; effeminacy.NWAD ENERVATION.2

    ENERVE, v.t. everv’. To weaken; the same as enervate.

    ENFAMISH, v.t. To famish. [See Famish.]

    ENFEEBLE, v.t. [from feeble.] To deprive of strength; to reduce the strength or force of; to weaken; to debilitate; to enervate. Intemperance enfeebles the body, and induces premature infirmity. Excessive grief and melancholy enfeeble the mind. Long wars enfeeble a state.

    ENFEEBLED, pp. Weakened; deprived of strength or vigor.

    ENFEEBLEMENT, n. The act of weakening; enervation.

    ENFEEBLING, ppr. Weakening; debilitating; enervating.

    ENFELONED, a. [See Felon.] Fierce; cruel.

    ENFEOFF, v.t. enfeff’. [Law L. feaffo, feoffare, from fief, which see.]

    1. To give one a feud; hence, to invest with a fee; to give to another any corporeal hereditament, in fee simple or fee tail, by livery of seizin.NWAD ENFEOFF.2

    2. To surrender or give up. [Not used.]NWAD ENFEOFF.3

    ENFEOFFED, pp. Invested with the fee of any corporeal hereditament.

    ENFEOFFING, ppr. Giving to one the fee simple of any corporeal hereditament.

    ENFEOFFMENT, n. The act of giving the fee simple of an estate.

    1. The instrument or deed by which one is invested with the fee of an estate.NWAD ENFEOFFMENT.2

    ENFETTER, v.t. To fetter; to bind in fetters.

    ENFEVER, v.t. To excite fever in.

    ENFIERCE, v.t. enfers’. To make fierce. [Not in use.]

    ENFILADE, n. [L. filum.] A line or straight passage; or the situation of a place which may be seen or scoured with shot all the length of a line, or in the direction of a line.

    ENFILADE, v.t. [from the noun.] To pierce, scour or rake with shot, in the direction of a line, or through the whole length of a line.

    In conducting approaches at a siege, care should be taken that the trenches be not enfiladed.NWAD ENFILADE.3

    In a position to enfilade the works at Fort Isle.NWAD ENFILADE.4

    ENFILADED, pp. Pierced or raked in a line.

    ENFILADING, ppr. Piercing or sweeping in a line.

    ENFIRE, v.t. To inflame; to set on fire. [Not used.]

    ENFORCE, v.t.

    1. To give strength to; to strengthen; to invigorate. [See Def. 5.]NWAD ENFORCE.2

    2. To make or gain by force; to force; as, to enforce a passage.NWAD ENFORCE.3

    3. To put in act by violence; to drive.NWAD ENFORCE.4

    Stones enforced from the old Assyrian slings.NWAD ENFORCE.5

    4. To instigate; to urge on; to animate.NWAD ENFORCE.6

    5. To urge with energy; to give force to; to impress on the mind; as, to enforce remarks or arguments.NWAD ENFORCE.7

    6. To compel; to constrain; to force.NWAD ENFORCE.8

    7. To put in execution; to cause to take effect; as, to enforce the laws.NWAD ENFORCE.9

    8. To press with a charge.NWAD ENFORCE.10

    9. To prove; to evince. [Little used.]NWAD ENFORCE.11

    ENFORCE, v.i. To attempt by force. [Not used.]

    ENFORCE, n. Force; strength; power. [Not used.]

    ENFORCEABLE, a. That may be enforced.

    ENFORCED, pp. Strengthened; gained by force; driven; compelled; urged; carried into effect.

    ENFORCEDLY, adv. By violence; not by choice.

    ENFORCEMENT, n. The act of enforcing; compulsion; force applied.

    1. That which gives energy or effect; sanction. The penalties of law are enforcements.NWAD ENFORCEMENT.2

    2. Motive of conviction; urgent evidence.NWAD ENFORCEMENT.3

    3. Pressing exigence; that which urges or constrains.NWAD ENFORCEMENT.4

    4. In a general sense, any thing which compels or constrains; any thing which urges either the body or the mind.NWAD ENFORCEMENT.5

    5. A putting in execution; as the enforcement of law.NWAD ENFORCEMENT.6

    ENFORCER, n. One who compels, constrains or urges; one who effects by violence; one who carries into effect.

    ENFORCING, ppr. Giving force or strength; compelling; urging; constraining; putting in execution.

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