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Noah Webster’s 1828 Dictionary - Contents
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    RAVELIN — REAPER

    RAVELIN, n.

    In fortification, a detached work with two faces which make a salient angle, without any flanks, and raised before the counterscarp, of the place. In this it differs from a half moon, which is placed before an angle.NWAD RAVELIN.2

    RAVELING, ppr. Twisting or weaving; untwisting; disentangling.

    RAVEN, n. ra’ven. [Heb. from its color. But this may be L. corvus, rapio.]

    A large fowl of a black color, of the genus Corvus.NWAD RAVEN.2

    RAVEN, v.t. rav’n.

    1. To devour with great eagerness; to eat with voracity.NWAD RAVEN.4

    Our natures do pursue, like rats that raven down their proper bane, a thirsty evil, and when we drink, we die.NWAD RAVEN.5

    Like a roaring lion, ravening the prey. Ezekiel 22:25.NWAD RAVEN.6

    2. To obtain by violence.NWAD RAVEN.7

    RAVEN, v.i. rav’n. To prey with rapacity.

    Benjamin shall raven as a wolf. Genesis 49:27.NWAD RAVEN.9

    RAVEN, n. rav’n.

    1. Prey; plunder; food obtained by violence. Nahum 2:12.NWAD RAVEN.11

    2. Rapine; rapacity.NWAD RAVEN.12

    RAVENED, pp. Devoured with voracity.

    RAVENER, n. One that ravens or plunders.

    RAVENING, ppr. Preying with rapacity; voraciously devouring; as a ravening wolf.

    RAVENING, n. Eagerness for plunder. Luke 11:39.

    RAVENOUS, a.

    1. Furiously voracious; hungry even to rage; devouring with rapacious eagerness; as a ravenous wolf, lion or vulture.NWAD RAVENOUS.2

    2. Eager for prey or gratification; as ravenous appetite or desire.NWAD RAVENOUS.3

    RAVENOUSLY, adv. With raging voracity.

    RAVENOUSNESS, n. Extreme voracity; rage for prey; as the ravenousness of a lion.

    RAVEN’S DUCK, n. A species of sail cloth.

    RAVER, n. [from rave.] One that raves or is furious.

    RAVET, n. An insect shaped like a cock-chaffer, which infests the West Indies.

    RAVIN. [See Raven.]

    RAVIN, a. Ravenous. [Not in use.]

    RAVINE, RAVIN, n. A long deep hollow worn by a stream or torrent of water; hence, any long deep hollow or pass through mountains, etc.

    RAVING, ppr. or a. Furious with delirium; mad; distracted.

    RAVINGLY, adv. With furious wildness or frenzy; with distraction.

    RAVISH, v.t. [L. rapio.]

    1. To seize and carry away by violence.NWAD RAVISH.2

    These hairs which thou dost ravish from my chin, will quicken and accuse thee.NWAD RAVISH.3

    This hand shall ravish thy pretended right.NWAD RAVISH.4

    2. To have carnal knowledge of a woman by force and against her consent. Isaiah 13:16; Zechariah 14:2.NWAD RAVISH.5

    3. To bear away with joy or delight; to delight to ecstasy; to transport.NWAD RAVISH.6

    Thou hast ravished my heart. Song of Solomon 4:9.NWAD RAVISH.7

    RAVISHED, pp. Snatched away by violence; forced to submit to carnal embrace; delighted to ecstasy.

    RAVISHER, n.

    1. One that takes by violence.NWAD RAVISHER.2

    2. One that forces a woman to his carnal embrace.NWAD RAVISHER.3

    3. One that transports with delight.NWAD RAVISHER.4

    RAVISHING, ppr.

    1. Snatching or taking by violence; compelling to submit to carnal intercourse; delighting to ecstasy.NWAD RAVISHING.2

    2. a. Delighting to rapture; transporting.NWAD RAVISHING.3

    RAVISHING, n.

    1. A seizing and carrying away by violence.NWAD RAVISHING.5

    2. Carnal knowledge by force against consent.NWAD RAVISHING.6

    3. Ecstatic delight; transport.NWAD RAVISHING.7

    RAVISHINGLY, adv. To extremity of delight.

    RAVISHMENT, n.

    1. The act of forcing a woman to carnal connection; forcible violation of chastity.NWAD RAVISHMENT.2

    2. Rapture; transport of delight; ecstasy; pleasing violence of the mind or senses.NWAD RAVISHMENT.3

    All things joy with ravishment attracted by thy beauty still to gaze.NWAD RAVISHMENT.4

    3. The act of carrying away; abduction; as the ravishment of children from their parents, of a ward from his guardian, or of a wife from her husband.NWAD RAVISHMENT.5

    RAW, a. [L. crudus, rodo.]

    1. Not altered from its natural state; not roasted, boiled or cooked; not subdued by heat; as raw meat.NWAD RAW.2

    2. Not covered with skin; bare, as flesh.NWAD RAW.3

    If there is quick raw flesh in the risings, it is an old leprosy. Leviticus 13:10, 11.NWAD RAW.4

    3. sore.NWAD RAW.5

    And all his sinews waxen weak and raw through long imprisonment.NWAD RAW.6

    4. Immature; unripe; not concocted.NWAD RAW.7

    5. Not altered by heat; not cooked or dressed; being in its natural state; as raw fruit.NWAD RAW.8

    6. Unseasoned; unexperienced; unripe in skill; as people while young and raw.NWAD RAW.9

    So we say, raw troops; and new seamen are called raw hands.NWAD RAW.10

    7. New; untried; as a raw trick.NWAD RAW.11

    8. Bleak; chilly; cold, or rather cold and damp; as a raw day; a raw cold climate.NWAD RAW.12

    Once upon a raw and gusty day -NWAD RAW.13

    9. Not distilled; as raw water. [Not used.]NWAD RAW.14

    10. Not spun or twisted; as raw silk.NWAD RAW.15

    11. Not mixed or adulterated; as raw spirits.NWAD RAW.16

    12. Bare of flesh.NWAD RAW.17

    13. Not tried or melted and strained; as raw tallow.NWAD RAW.18

    14. Not tanned; as raw hides.NWAD RAW.19

    RAW-BONED, a. Having little flesh on the bones.

    RAWHEAD, n. The name of a specter, mentioned to frighten children; as rawhead and bloody bones.

    RAWISH, a. Somewhat raw; cool and damp. [Not much used.]

    RAWLY, adv.

    1. In a raw manner.NWAD RAWLY.2

    2. Unskillfully; without experience.NWAD RAWLY.3

    3. Newly.NWAD RAWLY.4

    RAWNESS, n.

    1. The state of being raw; uncooked; unaltered by heat; as the rawness of flesh.NWAD RAWNESS.2

    2. Unskillfulness; state of being inexperienced; as the rawness of seamen or troops.NWAD RAWNESS.3

    3. Hasty manner. [Not legitimate.]NWAD RAWNESS.4

    4. Chilliness with dampness.NWAD RAWNESS.5

    RAY, n. [L. radius.]

    1. a line of light, or the right line supposed to be described by a particle of light. a collection of parallel rays constitutes a beam; a collection of diverging or converging rays, a pencil.NWAD RAY.2

    The mixed solar beam contains, 1st. calorific rays, producing heat and expansion, but not vision and color; 2d. colorific rays, producing vision and color, but not heat nor expansion; 3d. chimical rays, producing certain effects on the composition of bodies, but neither heat, expansion, vision or color; 4th. a power producing magnetism, but whether a distinct or associated power, is not determined. It seems to be associated with the violet, more than with the other rays.NWAD RAY.3

    2. Figuratively, a beam of intellectual light.NWAD RAY.4

    3. Light; luster.NWAD RAY.5

    The air sharpen’d his visual ray.NWAD RAY.6

    4. In botany, the outer part or circumference of a compound radiate flower.NWAD RAY.7

    5. In ichthyology, a bony or cartilaginous ossicle in the fins of fishes, serving to support the membrane.NWAD RAY.8

    6. A plant, [lolium.]NWAD RAY.9

    7. Ray, for array. [Not in use.]NWAD RAY.10

    Pencil of rays, a number of rays of light issuing from a point and diverging.NWAD RAY.11

    RAY, n. A fish; a common name for the species of the genus Raia, including the skate, thornback, torpedo, stingray, etc.

    RAY, v.t.

    1. To streak; to mark with long lines.NWAD RAY.14

    2. To foul; to beray. [Not in use.]NWAD RAY.15

    3. To array. [Not in use.]NWAD RAY.16

    4. To shoot forth.NWAD RAY.17

    RAYLESS, a. Destitute of light; dark; not illuminated.

    RAZE, n. A root. [See Race-ginger, under Race.]

    RAZE, v.t. [L. rasus, rado. See Rase and Erase.]

    1. To subvert from the foundation; to overthrow; to destroy; to demolish; as, to raze a city to the ground.NWAD RAZE.3

    The royal hand that raz’d unhappy Troy.NWAD RAZE.4

    2. To erase; to efface; to obliterate.NWAD RAZE.5

    Razing the characters of your renown.NWAD RAZE.6

    [In this sense, rase and erase are now used.]NWAD RAZE.7

    3. To extirpate.NWAD RAZE.8

    And raze their factions and their family.NWAD RAZE.9

    RAZED, pp. Subverted; overthrown; wholly ruined; erased; extirpated.

    RAZEE, n. A ship of war cut down to a smaller size.

    RAZING, ppr. subverting; destroying; erasing; extirpating.

    RAZOR, n. [L. rasus, rado, to scrape.]

    An instrument for shaving off beard or hair. Razors of a boar, a boar’s tusks.NWAD RAZOR.2

    RAZORABLE, a. Fit to be shaved. [Not in use.]

    RAZOR-BILL, n. An aquatic fowl, the Alca torda; also, the Rhynchops nigra or cut-water.

    RAZOR-FISH, n. A species of fish with a compressed body.

    RAZURE, n. [L. rasura, from rado.]

    The act of erasing or effacing; obliteration.NWAD RAZURE.2

    [See Rasure.]NWAD RAZURE.3

    RE, a prefix or inseparable particle in the composition of words, denotes return, repetition, iteration. It is contracted from red, which the Latins retained in words beginning with a vowel, as in redamo, redeo, redintegro. In a few English words, all or most of which, I believe, we receive from the French, it has lost its appropriate signification, as in rejoice, recommend, receive.

    REABSORB, v.t. [re and absorb.]

    1. To draw in or inbibe again what has been effused, extravasated or thrown off; used of fluids; as, to reabsorb chyle, lymph, blood, gas, etc.NWAD REABSORB.2

    2. To swallow up again.NWAD REABSORB.3

    REABSORBED, pp. Imbibed again.

    REABSORBING, ppr. Reimbibing.

    REABSORPTION, n. The act or process of inbibing what has been previously thrown off, effused or extravasated; the swallowing a second time.

    REACCESS, n. [re and access.] A second access or approach; a visit renewed.

    REACH, v.t. [Raught, the ancient preterit, is obsolete. The verb is now regular; pp. reached. L. rego, to rule or govern, to make right or straight, that is, to strain or stretch, the radical sense. The English sense of reach appears in L. porrigo and porricio. Greek, to reach, to stretch, the radical sense of desiring. L. fragro. But the primary sense is the same, to reach, to extend, to shoot forth, to urge.]

    1. To extend; to stretch; in a general sense; sometimes followed by out and forth; as, to reach out the arm. Hence,NWAD REACH.2

    2. To extend to; to touch by extending either the arm alone, or with an instrument in the hand; as, to reach a book on the shelf; I cannot reach the object with my cane; the seaman reaches the bottom of the river with a pole or a line.NWAD REACH.3

    3. To strike from a distance.NWAD REACH.4

    O patron power, thy present aid afford, that I may reach the beast.NWAD REACH.5

    4. To deliver with the hand by extending the arm; to hand. He reached [to] me an orange.NWAD REACH.6

    He reached me a full cup.NWAD REACH.7

    5. To extend or stretch from a distance.NWAD REACH.8

    Reach hither thy finger - reach hither thy hand. John 20:27.NWAD REACH.9

    6. To arrive at; to come to. The ship reached her port in safety. We reached New York on Thursday. The letter reached me at seven o’clock.NWAD REACH.10

    7. To attain to or arrive at, by effort, labor or study; hence, to gain or obtain. Every artist should attempt to reach the point of excellence.NWAD REACH.11

    The best accounts of the appearances of nature which human penetration can reach, come short of its reality.NWAD REACH.12

    8. To penetrate to.NWAD REACH.13

    Whatever alterations are made in the body, if they reach not the mind, there is no perception.NWAD REACH.14

    9. To extend to so as to include or comprehend in fact or principle.NWAD REACH.15

    The law reached the intention of the promoters, and this act fixed the natural price of money.NWAD REACH.16

    If these examples of grown men reach not the case of children, let them examine.NWAD REACH.17

    10. To extend to.NWAD REACH.18

    Thy desire leads to no excess that reaches blame.NWAD REACH.19

    11. To extend; to spread abroad.NWAD REACH.20

    Trees reach’d too far their pampered boughs.NWAD REACH.21

    12. To take with the hand.NWAD REACH.22

    Lest therefore now his bolder hand reach also of the tree of life and eat. [Unusual.]NWAD REACH.23

    13. To overreach; to deceive.NWAD REACH.24

    REACH, v.i.

    1. To be extended.NWAD REACH.26

    The new world reaches quite across the torrid zone.NWAD REACH.27

    The border shall descend, and shall reach to the side of the sea of Chinnereth eastward. Numbers 34:11.NWAD REACH.28

    And behold, a ladder set on the earth, and the top of it reached to heaven. Genesis 28:12.NWAD REACH.29

    2. To penetrate.NWAD REACH.30

    Ye have slain them in a rage that reacheth to heaven. 2 Chronicles 28:9.NWAD REACH.31

    3. To make efforts to vomit. [See Retch.]NWAD REACH.32

    To reach after, to make efforts to attain to or obtain.NWAD REACH.33

    He would be in a posture of mind, reaching after a positive idea of infinity.NWAD REACH.34

    REACH, n.

    1. In a general sense, extension; a stretching; extent.NWAD REACH.36

    2. The power of extending to, or of taking by the hand, or by any instrument managed by the hand. The book is not within my reach. The bottom of the sea is not within the reach of a line or cable.NWAD REACH.37

    3. Power of attainment or management, or the limit of power, physical or moral. He used all the means within his reach. The causes of phenomena are often beyond the reach of human intellect.NWAD REACH.38

    Be sure yourself and your own reach to know.NWAD REACH.39

    4. Effort of the mind in contrivance or research; contrivance; scheme.NWAD REACH.40

    - Drawn by others who had deeper reaches than themselves to matters which they least intended.NWAD REACH.41

    5. A fetch; an artifice to obtain an advantage.NWAD REACH.42

    The duke of Parma had particular reaches and ends of his own underhand, to cross the design.NWAD REACH.43

    6. Tendency to distant consequences.NWAD REACH.44

    Strain not my speech to grosser issues, nor to larger reach than to suspicion.NWAD REACH.45

    7. Extent.NWAD REACH.46

    And on the left hand, hell with long reach interpos’d.NWAD REACH.47

    8. Among seamen, the distance between two points on the banks of a river, in which the current flows in a straight course.NWAD REACH.48

    9. An effort to vomit.NWAD REACH.49

    REACHED, pp. Stretched out; extended; touched by extending the arm; attained to; obtained.

    REACHER, n. One that reaches or extends; one that delivers by extending the arm.

    REACHING, ppr. Stretching out; extending; touching by extension of the arm; attaining to; gaining; making efforts to vomit.

    REACT, v.t. [re and act.] To act or perform a second time; as, to react a play. The same scenes were reacted at Rome.

    REACT, v.i.

    1. To return an impulse or impression; to resist the action of another body by an opposite force. Every elastic body reacts on the body that impels it from its natural state.NWAD REACT.3

    2. To act in opposition; to resist any influence or power.NWAD REACT.4

    REACTED, pp. Acted or performed a second time.

    REACTING, ppr. Acting again; in physics, resisting the impulse of another body.

    REACTION, n.

    1. In physics, counteraction; the resistance made by a body to the action or impulse of another body, which endeavors to change its state, either of motion or rest. Action and reaction are equal.NWAD REACTION.2

    2. Any action in resisting other action or power.NWAD REACTION.3

    READ, n. [See the Verb.]

    1. Counsel. [Obs.]NWAD READ.2

    2. Saying; sentence. Obs.NWAD READ.3

    READ, v.t. The preterit and pp. read, is pronounced red. [Gr. to say or tell, to flow; a speaker, a rhetorician. The primary sense of read is to speak, to utter, that is, to push, drive or advance. This is also the primary sense of ready, that is, prompt or advancing, quick. L. gratia, the primary sense of which is prompt to favor, advancing towards, free. The elements of these words are the same as those of ride and L. gradior, etc. The sense of reason is secondary, that which is uttered, said or set forth; hence counsel also. See Ready.]

    1. To utter or pronounce written or printed words, letters or characters in the proper order; to repeat the names or utter the sounds customarily annexed to words, letters or characters; as, to read a written or printed discourse; to read the letters of an alphabet; to read figures; to read the notes of music, or to read music.NWAD READ.5

    2. To inspect and understand words or characters; to peruse silently; as, to read a paper or letter without uttering the words; to read to one’s self.NWAD READ.6

    3. To discover or understand by characters, marks or features; as, to read a man’s thoughts in his countenance.NWAD READ.7

    To read the interior structure of the globe.NWAD READ.8

    An armed corse did lie, in whose dead face he read great magnanimity.NWAD READ.9

    4. To learn by observation.NWAD READ.10

    Those about her from her shall read the perfect ways of honor.NWAD READ.11

    5. To know fully.NWAD READ.12

    Who is’t can read a woman?NWAD READ.13

    6. To suppose; to guess. Obs.NWAD READ.14

    7. To advise. Obs.NWAD READ.15

    READ, v.i.

    1. To perform the act of reading.NWAD READ.17

    So they read in the book of the law of God distinctly, and gave the sense. Nehemiah 8:8.NWAD READ.18

    2. To be studious; to practice much reading.NWAD READ.19

    It is sure that Fleury roads.NWAD READ.20

    3. To learn by reading.NWAD READ.21

    I have read of an eastern king who put a judge to death for an iniquitous sentence.NWAD READ.22

    4. To tell; to declare. [Not in use.]NWAD READ.23

    READ, pp. red.

    1. Uttered; pronounced, as written words in the proper order; as, the letter was read to the family.NWAD READ.25

    2. Silently perused.NWAD READ.26

    READ, a. red. Instructed or knowing by reading; versed in books; learned. Well read is the phrase commonly used; as well read in history; well read in the classics.

    A poet well read in Longinus -NWAD READ.28

    READABLE, a. That may be read; fit to be read.

    READEPTION, n. [from L. re and adeptus, obtained.]

    A regaining; recovery of something lost. [Not much used.]NWAD READEPTION.2

    READER, n.

    1. One that reads; any person who pronounces written words; particularly, one whose office is to read prayers in a church.NWAD READER.2

    2. By way of distinction, one that reads much; one studious in books.NWAD READER.3

    READERSHIP, n. [See Read.] the office of reading prayers in a church.

    READILY, adv. red’ily. [See Ready.]

    1. Quickly; promptly; easily. I readily perceive the distinction you make.NWAD READILY.2

    2. Cheerfully; without delay or objection; without reluctance. He readily granted my request.NWAD READILY.3

    READINESS, n. red’iness. [from ready.]

    1. Quickness; promptness; promptitude; facility; freedom from hinderance or obstruction; as readiness of speech; readiness of thought; readiness of mind in suggesting an answer; readiness of reply.NWAD READINESS.2

    2. Promptitude; cheerfulness; willingness; alacrity; freedom from reluctance; as, to grant a request or assistance with readiness.NWAD READINESS.3

    They received the word with all readiness of mind. Acts 17:11.NWAD READINESS.4

    3. A state of preparation; fitness of condition. The troops are in readiness.NWAD READINESS.5

    READING, ppr.

    1. Pronouncing or perusing written or printed words or characters of a book or writing.NWAD READING.2

    2. Discovering by marks; understanding.NWAD READING.3

    READING, n.

    1. The act of reading; perusal.NWAD READING.5

    2. Study of books; as a man of extensive reading.NWAD READING.6

    3. A lecture or prelection.NWAD READING.7

    4. Public recital.NWAD READING.8

    The Jews had their weekly readings of the law.NWAD READING.9

    5. In criticism, the manner of reading the manuscripts of ancient authors, where the words or letters are obscure. No small part of the business of critics is to settle the true reading, or real words used by the author; and the various readings of different critics are often perplexing.NWAD READING.10

    6. A commentary or gloss on a law, text or passage.NWAD READING.11

    7. In legislation, the formal recital of a bill by the proper officer, before the house which is to consider it. In Congress and in the state legislatures, a bill must usually have three several readings on different days, before it can be passed into a law.NWAD READING.12

    READJOURN, v.t. [re and adjourn.]

    1. To adjourn a second time.NWAD READJOURN.2

    2. To cite or summon again. [Not used.]NWAD READJOURN.3

    READJUST, v.t. [re and adjust.] To settle again; to put in order again what had been discomposed.

    READJUSTED, pp. Adjusted again; resettled.

    READJUSTING, ppr. Adjusting again.

    READJUSTMENT, n. A second adjustment.

    READMISSION, n. [re and admission.] The act of admitting again what had been excluded; as the readmission of fresh air into an exhausted receiver; the readmission of a student into a seminary.

    READMIT, v.t. [re and admit.] To admit again.

    Whose ear is ever open and his eye gracious to readmit the suppliant.NWAD READMIT.2

    READMITTANCE, n. A second admittance; allowance to enter again.

    READOPT, v.t. [re and adopt.] To adopt again.

    READORN, v.t. To adorn anew; to decorate a second time.

    READVERTENCY, n. [re and advertency.] The act of reviewing.

    READY, a. red’y. [Eng. to rid; redo, ready; rida, to ride; bereda, to prepare. Gr. easy. The primary sense is to go, move, or advance forward, and it seems to be clear that ready, ride, read, riddle, are all of one family, and probably from the root of L. gradior. See Read and Red.]

    1. Quick; prompt; not hesitating; as ready wit; a ready consent.NWAD READY.2

    2. Quick to receive or comprehend; not slow or dull; as a ready apprehension.NWAD READY.3

    3. Quick in action or execution; dextrous; as an artist ready in his business; a ready writer. Psalm 45:1.NWAD READY.4

    4. Prompt; not delayed present in hand. He makes ready payment; he pays ready money for every thing he buys.NWAD READY.5

    5. Prepared; fitted; furnished with what is necessary, or disposed in a manner suited to the purpose; as a ship ready for sea.NWAD READY.6

    My oxen and fatlings are killed, and all things are ready. Matthew 22:4.NWAD READY.7

    6. Willing; free; cheerful to do or suffer; not backward or reluctant; as a prince always ready to grant the reasonable requests of his subjects.NWAD READY.8

    The spirit is ready, but the flesh is weak. Mark 14:38.NWAD READY.9

    I am ready not to be bound only, but also to die at Jerusalem for the name of the Lord Jesus. Acts 21:13.NWAD READY.10

    7. Willing; disposed. Men are generally ready to impute blame to others. They are more ready to give than to take reproof.NWAD READY.11

    8. Being at the point; near; not distant; about to do or suffer.NWAD READY.12

    A Syrian ready to perish was my father. Deuteronomy 26:5; Job 29:13; Psalm 88:15.NWAD READY.13

    9. Being nearest or at hand.NWAD READY.14

    A sapling pine he wrench’d from out the ground, the readiest weapon that his fury found.NWAD READY.15

    10. Easy; facile; opportune; short; near, or most convenient; the Greek sense.NWAD READY.16

    Sometimes the readiest way which a wise man has to conquer, is to flee.NWAD READY.17

    Through the wild desert, not the readiest way.NWAD READY.18

    The ready way to be thought mad, is to contend you are not so.NWAD READY.19

    1. To make ready, to prepare; to provide and put in order.NWAD READY.20

    2. An elliptical phrase, for make things ready; to make preparations; to prepare.NWAD READY.21

    READY, adv. red’y. In a state of preparation, so as to need no delay.

    We ourselves will go ready armed before the house of Israel. Numbers 32:17.NWAD READY.23

    READY, n. red’y. For ready money.

    Lord Strut was not flush in ready, either to go to law, or to clear old debts. [A low word.]NWAD READY.25

    READY, v.t. red’y. To dispose in order; to prepare. [Not in use.]

    REAFFIRM, v.t. [re and affirm.] To affirm a second time.

    REAFFIRMANCE, n. A second confirmation.

    REAGENT, n. [re and agent.] In chimistry, a substance employed to precipitate another in solution, or to detect the ingredients of a mixture.

    Bergman reckons barytic muriate to be one of the most sensible reagents.NWAD REAGENT.2

    REAGGRAVATION, n. [re and aggravation.]

    In the Romish ecclesiastical law, the last monitory, published after three admonitions and before the last excommunication. Before they proceed to fulminate the last excommunication, they publish an aggravation and a reaggravation.NWAD REAGGRAVATION.2

    REAK, n. A rush. [Not in use.]

    REAL, a. [Low L. realis. The L. res and Eng. thing coincide exactly with the Heb. a word, a thing, an event. See Read and Thing.]

    1. Actually being or existing; not fictitious or imaginary; as a description of real life. The author describes a real scene or transaction.NWAD REAL.2

    2. True; genuine; not artificial, counterfeit or factitious; as real Madeira wine; real ginger.NWAD REAL.3

    3. True; genuine; not affected; not assumed. The woman appears in her real character.NWAD REAL.4

    4. Relating to things, not to persons; not personal.NWAD REAL.5

    Many are perfect in men’s humors, that are not greatly capable of the real part of business. [Little used or obsolete.]NWAD REAL.6

    5. In law, pertaining to things fixed, permanent or immovable, as to lands and tenements; as real estate, opposed to personal or movable property.NWAD REAL.7

    Real action, in law, is an action which concerns real property.NWAD REAL.8

    Real assets, assets consisting in real estate, or lands and tenements descending to an heir, sufficient to answer the charges upon the estate created by the ancestor.NWAD REAL.9

    Chattels real, are such chattels as concern or savor of the reality; as a term for years of land, wardships in chivalry, the next presentation to a church, estate by statue-merchant, elegit, etc.NWAD REAL.10

    Real composition, is when an agreement is made between the owner of lands and the parson or vicar, with consent of the ordinary, that such lands shall be discharged from payment of tithes, in consequence of other land or recompense given to the parson in lieu and satisfaction thereof.NWAD REAL.11

    Real presence, in the Romish church, the actual presence of the body and blood of Christ in the eucharist, or the conversion of the substance of the bread and wine into the real body and blood of Christ.NWAD REAL.12

    REAL, REALIST, n. A scholastic philosopher, who maintains that things and not words, are the objects of dialectics; opposed to nominal or nominalist.

    REAL, n. A small Spanish coin of the value of forty maravedis; but its value is different in different provinces, being from five or six to ten cents, or six pence sterling. It is sometimes written rial.

    REALGAR, n.

    A combination of sulphur and arsenic; red sulphuret of arsenic. Realgar differs from orpiment in having undergone a greater degree of heat.NWAD REALGAR.2

    REALITY, n.

    1. Actual being or existence of any thing; truth; fact; in distinction from mere appearance.NWAD REALITY.2

    A man may fancy he understands a critic, when in reality he does not comprehend his meaning.NWAD REALITY.3

    2. Something intrinsically important, not merely matter of show.NWAD REALITY.4

    And to realities yield all her shows.NWAD REALITY.5

    3. In the schools, that may exist of itself, or which has a full and absolute being of itself, and is not considered as a part of any thing else.NWAD REALITY.6

    4. In law, immobility, or the fixed, permanent nature of property; as chattels which savor of the reality. [This word is so written in law, for reality.]NWAD REALITY.7

    REALIZATION, n. [from realize.]

    1. The act of realizing or making real.NWAD REALIZATION.2

    2. The act of converting money into land.NWAD REALIZATION.3

    3. The act of believing or considering as real.NWAD REALIZATION.4

    4. The act of bringing into being or act.NWAD REALIZATION.5

    REALIZE, v.t.

    1. To bring into being or act; as, to realize a scheme or project.NWAD REALIZE.2

    We realize what Archimedes had only in hypothesis, weighing a single grain of sand against the globe of earth.NWAD REALIZE.3

    2. To convert money into land, or personal into real estate.NWAD REALIZE.4

    3. To impress on the mind as a reality; to believe, consider or treat as real. How little do men in full health realize their frailty and mortality.NWAD REALIZE.5

    Let the sincere christian realize the closing sentiment.NWAD REALIZE.6

    4. To bring home to one’s own case or experience; to consider as one’s own; to feel in all its force. Who, at his fire side, can realize the distress of shipwrecked mariners?NWAD REALIZE.7

    This allusion must have had enhanced strength and beauty to the eye of a nation extensively devoted to a pastoral life, and therefore realizing all its fine scenes and the tender emotions to which they gave birth.NWAD REALIZE.8

    5. To bring into actual existence and possession; to render tangible or effective. He never realized much profit from his trade or speculations.NWAD REALIZE.9

    REALIZED, pp. Brought into actual being; converted into real estate; impressed, received or treated as a reality; felt in its true force; rendered actual, tangible or effective.

    REALIZING, ppr.

    1. Bringing into actual being; converting into real estate; impressing as a reality; feeling as one’s own or in its real force; rendering tangible or effective.NWAD REALIZING.2

    2. a. That makes real, or that brings home as a reality; as a realizing view of eternity.NWAD REALIZING.3

    REALLEDGE, v.t. reallej’. [re and alledge.] To alledge again.

    REALLY, adv.

    1. With actual existence.NWAD REALLY.2

    2. In truth; in fact; not in appearance only; as things really evil.NWAD REALLY.3

    The anger of the people is really a short fit of madness.NWAD REALLY.4

    In this sense, it is used familiarly as a slight corroboration of an opinion or declaration.NWAD REALLY.5

    Why really, sixty five is somewhat old.NWAD REALLY.6

    REALM, n. relm. [L. rex, king, whence regalis, royal.]

    1. A royal jurisdiction or extent of government; a kingdom; a king’s dominions; as the realm of England.NWAD REALM.2

    2. Kingly government; as the realm of bees. [Unusual.]NWAD REALM.3

    REALTY, n. [L. rex.]

    1. Lovalty. [Not in use.]NWAD REALTY.2

    2. Reality. [Not in use.]NWAD REALTY.3

    3. In law, immobility. [See Reality.]NWAD REALTY.4

    REAM, n. [L. remus., ramus, a branch, for the shoots of trees or shrubs were the first bands used by men. See Gird and Withe.]

    A bundle or package of paper, consisting of twenty quires.NWAD REAM.2

    REANIMATE, v.t. [re and animate.]

    1. To revive; to resuscitate; to restore to life; as a person dead or apparently dead; as, to reanimate a drowned person.NWAD REANIMATE.2

    2. To revive the spirits when dull or languid; to invigorate; to infuse new life or courage into; as, to reanimate disheartened troops; to reanimate drowsy senses or languid spirits.NWAD REANIMATE.3

    REANIMATED, pp. Restored to life or action.

    REANIMATING, ppr. Restoring life to; invigorating with new life and courage.

    REANIMATION, n. The act or operation of reviving from apparent death; the act or operation of giving fresh spirits, courage or vigor.

    REANNEX, v.t. [re and annex.] To annex again; to reunite; to annex what has been separated.

    REANNEXATION, n. The act of annexing again.

    REANNEXED, pp. Annexed or united again.

    REANNEXING, ppr. Annexing again; reuniting.

    REAP, v.t. [L. rapio, carpo; Gr. a sickle, to reap; Eng. crop.]

    1. To cut grain with a sickle; as, to reap wheat or rye.NWAD REAP.2

    When ye reap the harvest, thou shalt not wholly reap the corners of thy field. Leviticus 19:9.NWAD REAP.3

    2. To clear of a crop by reaping; as, to reap a field.NWAD REAP.4

    3. To gather; to obtain; to receive as a reward, or as the fruit of labor or of works; in a good or bad sense; as, to reap a benefit from exertions.NWAD REAP.5

    He that soweth to the flesh, shall of the flesh reap corruption. Galatians 6:8.NWAD REAP.6

    Ye have plowed wickedness; ye have reaped iniquity. Hosea 10:13.NWAD REAP.7

    REAP, v.i.

    1. To perform the act or operation of reaping. In New England, farmers reap in July and August.NWAD REAP.9

    2. To receive the fruit of labor or works.NWAD REAP.10

    They that sow in tears, shall reap in joy. Psalm 126:5.NWAD REAP.11

    REAPED, pp. Cut with a sickle; received as the fruit of labor or works.

    REAPER, n. One that cuts grain with a sickle.

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